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Sparse Tensor Cores offer exceptional performance gains for AI workloads by exploiting structured 2:4 sparsity. However, their potential remains untapped for core scientific workloads such as stencil computations, which exhibit irregular…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2025-07-01 Qi Li , Kun Li , Haozhi Han , Liang Yuan , Junshi Chen , Yunquan Zhang , Yifeng Chen , Hong An , Ting Cao , Mao Yang

Memory latency, bandwidth, capacity, and energy increasingly limit performance. In this paper, we reconsider proposed system architectures that consist of huge (many-terabyte to petabyte scale) memories shared among large numbers of CPUs.…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-09-24 Samuel Dayo , Shuhan Liu , Peijing Li , Philip Levis , Subhasish Mitra , Thierry Tambe , David Tennenhouse , H. -S. Philip Wong

An out-of-core stencil computation code handles large data whose size is beyond the capacity of GPU memory. Whereas, such an code requires streaming data to and from the GPU frequently. As a result, data movement between the CPU and GPU…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2022-04-26 Jingcheng Shen , Xin Deng , Yifan Wu , Masao Okita , Fumihiko Ino

Microprocessor roadmaps clearly show a trend towards multiple core CPUs. Modern operating systems already make use of these CPU architectures by distributing tasks between processing cores thereby increasing system performance. This review…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2016-09-08 M. Vaidehi , T. R. Gopalakrishnan Nair

Modern computer systems are characterized by deep memory hierarchies, composed of main memory, multiple layers of cache, and other specialized types of memory. In parallel and distributed systems, additional memory layers are added to this…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2023-07-18 David Walker , Anthony Skjellum

Disparity by Block Matching stereo is usually used in applications with limited computational power in order to get depth estimates. However, the research on simple stereo methods has been lesser than the energy based counterparts which…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-01-29 Vinay Kaushik , Brejesh Lall

Stencils represent a class of computational patterns where an output grid point depends on a fixed shape of neighboring points in an input grid. Stencil computations are prevalent in scientific applications engaging a significant portion of…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2021-03-24 Jesmin Jahan Tithi , Fabrizio Petrini , Hongbo Rong , Andrei Valentin , Carl Ebeling

In this era of diverse and heterogeneous computer architectures, the programmability issues, such as productivity and portable efficiency, are crucial to software development and algorithm design. One way to approach the problem is to step…

Mathematical Software · Computer Science 2012-07-10 Mauro Bianco , Ugo Varetto

A processor's memory hierarchy has a major impact on the performance of running code. However, computing platforms, where the actual hardware characteristics are hidden from both the end user and the tools that mediate execution, such as a…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2018-07-10 Keith Cooper , Xiaoran Xu

The increasing importance of multicore processors calls for a reevaluation of established numerical algorithms in view of their ability to profit from this new hardware concept. In order to optimize the existent algorithms, a detailed…

Performance · Computer Science 2012-03-01 Gerald Schubert , Georg Hager , Holger Fehske

Many computer systems for calculating the proper organization of memory are among the most critical issues. Using a tier cache memory (along with branching prediction) is an effective means of increasing modern multi-core processors'…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2021-05-21 Mohamed A. Hamada , Abdelrahman Abdallah

Next-generation supercomputers will feature more hierarchical and heterogeneous memory systems with different memory technologies working side-by-side. A critical question is whether at large scale existing HPC applications and emerging…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2017-04-27 Ivy Bo Peng , Stefano Markidis , Erwin Laure , Gokcen Kestor , Roberto Gioiosa

Multi-core architectures feature an intricate hierarchy of cache memories, with multiple levels and sizes. To adequately decompose an application according to the traits of a particular memory hierarchy is a cumbersome task that may be…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2015-11-20 Hervé Paulino , Nuno Delgado

Stencil computation constitutes a cornerstone of scientific computing, serving as a critical kernel in domains ranging from fluid dynamics to weather simulation. While stencil computations are conventionally regarded as memory-bound and…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Qiqi Gu , Chenpeng Wu , Heng Shi , Jianguo Yao , Haibing Guan

Symmetric tensor operations arise in a wide variety of computations. However, the benefits of exploiting symmetry in order to reduce storage and computation is in conflict with a desire to simplify memory access patterns. In this paper, we…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2014-10-21 Martin D. Schatz , Tze Meng Low , Robert A. van de Geijn , Tamara G. Kolda

Stencil computation is one of the most used kernels in a wide variety of scientific applications, ranging from large-scale weather prediction to solving partial differential equations. Stencil computations are characterized by three unique…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2023-09-07 Alain Denzler , Rahul Bera , Nastaran Hajinazar , Gagandeep Singh , Geraldo F. Oliveira , Juan Gómez-Luna , Onur Mutlu

Over the last ten years, graphics processors have become the de facto accelerator for data-parallel tasks in various branches of high-performance computing, including machine learning and computational sciences. However, with the recent…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-05-28 Johannes Pekkilä , Oskar Lappi , Fredrik Robertsén , Maarit J. Korpi-Lagg

Integer sorting on multicores and GPUs can be realized by a variety of approaches that include variants of distribution-based methods such as radix-sort, comparison-oriented algorithms such as deterministic regular sampling and random…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2018-08-31 Alexandros V. Gerbessiotis

The inversion of extremely high order matrices has been a challenging task because of the limited processing and memory capacity of conventional computers. In a scenario in which the data does not fit in memory, it is worth to consider…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2018-05-08 Iria C. S. Cosme , Isaac F. Fernandes , João L. de Carvalho , Samuel Xavier-de-Souza

Stencil computations represent a very common class of nested loops in scientific and engineering applications. Exploiting vector units in modern CPUs is crucial to achieving peak performance. Previous vectorization approaches often consider…

Mathematical Software · Computer Science 2020-10-13 Liang Yuan , Hang Cao , Yunquan Zhang , Kun Li , Pengqi Lu , Yue Yue