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For graphs $H$, we study the extremal function $M_H(n)$ which is the maximum running time (until stabilisation) of an $H$-bootstrap percolation process on $n$ vertices. Building on previous work in the clique case $H=K_k$, we develop a…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-08-07 David Fabian , Patrick Morris , Tibor Szabó

We investigate the formation of an infinite cluster of entangled threads in a (2+1)-dimensional system. We demonstrate that topological percolation belongs to the universality class of the standard 2D bond percolation. We compute the…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2007-05-23 S. K. Nechaev , O. A. Vasilyev

Bootstrap percolation is a well-known model to study the spreading of rumors, new products or innovations on social networks. The empirical studies show that community structure is ubiquitous among various social networks. Thus, studying…

Physics and Society · Physics 2015-06-18 Chong Wu , Shenggong Ji , Rui Zhang , Liujun Chen , Jiawei Chen , Xiaobin Li , Yanqing Hu

Bootstrap percolation on an arbitrary graph has a random initial configuration, where each vertex is occupied with probability p, independently of each other, and a deterministic spreading rule with a fixed parameter k: if a vacant site has…

Probability · Mathematics 2008-04-26 Jozsef Balogh , Yuval Peres , Gabor Pete

A graph $G$ percolates in the $K_{r,s}$-bootstrap process if we can add all missing edges of $G$ in some order such that each edge creates a new copy of $K_{r,s}$, where $K_{r,s}$ is the complete bipartite graph. We study…

Probability · Mathematics 2022-02-22 Erhan Bayraktar , Suman Chakraborty

The Hamming torus of dimension $d$ is the graph with vertices $\{1,\dots,n\}^d$ and an edge between any two vertices that differ in a single coordinate. Bootstrap percolation with threshold $\theta$ starts with a random set of open…

Probability · Mathematics 2015-01-26 Janko Gravner , Christopher Hoffman , James Pfeiffer , David Sivakoff

Bootstrap percolation is a deterministic cellular automaton in which vertices of a graph~$G$ begin in one of two states, "dormant" or "active". Given a fixed integer $r$, a dormant vertex becomes active if at any stage it has at least $r$…

The bootstrap percolation (or threshold model) is a dynamic process modelling the propagation of an epidemic on a graph, where inactive vertices become active if their number of active neighbours reach some threshold. We study an…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2015-01-19 Alberto Guggiola , Guilhem Semerjian

Given two graphs $G$ and $H$, it is said that $G$ percolates in $H$-bootstrap process if one could join all the nonadjacent pairs of vertices of $G$ in some order such that a new copy of $H$ is created at each step. Balogh, Bollob\'as and…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2018-06-28 M. R. Bidgoli , A. Mohammadian , B. Tayfeh-Rezaie

Given a graph $G$ and assuming that some vertices of $G$ are infected, the $r$-neighbor bootstrap percolation rule makes an uninfected vertex $v$ infected if $v$ has at least $r$ infected neighbors. The $r$-percolation number, $m(G, r)$, of…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-07-27 Jaka Hedžet , Michael A. Henning

In this paper we are concerned with the contact process with semi-infected state on the complete graph $C_n$ with $n$ vertices. In our model, each vertex is in one of three states that `healthy', `semi-infected' or `wholly-infected'. Only…

Probability · Mathematics 2017-03-21 Xiaofeng Xue

In this paper, we study the maximal edge-traversal time (simply we call maximal weight hereafter) on the optimal paths in the first passage percolation for several edge distributions, including the Pareto and Weibull distributions. It is…

Probability · Mathematics 2021-02-22 Shuta Nakajima

The $r$-edge bootstrap percolation on a graph is an activation process of the edges. The process starts with some initially activated edges and then, in each round, any inactive edge whose one of endpoints is incident to at least $r$ active…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-03-12 Meysam Miralaei , Ali Mohammadian , Behruz Tayfeh-Rezaie

For $k$-graphs $F$ and $H_0$ the $F$-bootstrap percolation process (or $F$-process) starting with $H_0$ is a sequence $(H_i)_{i\geq0}$ of $k$-graphs such that $H_{i+1}$ is obtained from $H_i$ by adding all those $e\in V(H_0)^{(k)}\setminus…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-04-07 Weichan Liu , Bjarne Schülke , Xin Zhang

We examine bootstrap percolation in d-dimensional, directed metric graphs in the context of recent measurements of firing dynamics in 2D neuronal cultures. There are two regimes, depending on the graph size N. Large metric graphs are…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2010-07-26 T. Tlusty , J. -P. Eckmann

We describe the critical window for percolation in the universality class of sparse growing random graphs. In our models, vertices arrive sequentially and connect independently to each earlier vertex $v$ with probability proportional to a…

Probability · Mathematics 2025-12-23 Joost Jorritsma , Pascal Maillard , Peter Mörters

We discuss attacks and infections at propagating fronts of percolation processes based on the extended general epidemic process. The scaling behavior of the number of the attacked and infected sites in the long time limit at the ordinary…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2017-08-02 Hans-Karl Janssen , Olaf Stenull

For any integer $r\geqslant0$, the $r$-neighbor bootstrap percolation on a graph is an activation process of the vertices. The process starts with some initially activated vertices and then, in each round, any inactive vertex with at least…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-05-07 M. R. Bidgoli , A. Mohammadian , B. Tayfeh-Rezaie

The culling process in Bootstrap Percolation is Abelian since the final stable configuration does not depend on the details of the updating procedure. An efficient algorithm is devised using this idea for the determination of the bootstrap…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2015-06-25 S. S. Manna

Geometric inhomogeneous random graphs (GIRGs) are a model for scale-free networks with underlying geometry. We study bootstrap percolation on these graphs, which is a process modelling the spread of an infection of vertices starting within…

Probability · Mathematics 2020-09-02 Christoph Koch , Johannes Lengler
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