Related papers: Thermal equilibrium in Einstein's elevator
We prove approach to thermal equilibrium for the fully Hamiltonian dynamics of a dynamical Lorentz gas, by which we mean an ensemble of particles moving through a $d$-dimensional array of fixed soft scatterers that each possess an internal…
There is an intense debate in the recent literature about the correct generalization of Maxwell's velocity distribution in special relativity. The most frequently discussed candidate distributions include the Juettner function as well as…
The relativistic equilibrium velocity distribution plays a key role in describing several high-energy and astrophysical effects. Recently, computer simulations favored Juttner's as the relativistic generalization of Maxwell's distribution…
The notion of thermal time has been introduced as a possible basis for a fully general-relativistic thermodynamics. Here we study this notion in the restricted context of stationary spacetimes. We show that the Tolman-Ehrenfest effect (in a…
In this paper we simulate a two dimensional relativistic ideal gas by implementing a relativistic elastic binary collision algorithm. We show that the relativistic gas faithfully obeys J\"uttner's speed distribution function. Furthermore,…
The approach of an ideal gas to equilibrium is simulated through a generalization of the Ehrenfest ball-and-box model. In the present model, the interior of each box is discretized, {\it i.e.}, balls/particles live in cells whose occupation…
I present a generalization of the Ehrenfest urn model that is aimed at simulating the approach to equilibrium in a dilute gas. The present model differs from the original one in two respects: 1) the two boxes have different volumes and are…
The thermodynamic equilibrium condition for a static self-gravitating fluid in the Einstein theory is defined by the Tolman-Ehrenfest temperature law, $T{\sqrt {g_{00}(x^{i})}} = constant$, according to which the proper temperature depends…
The equilibrium distribution function of a relativistic ideal gas has been derived to include the effect of angular momentum. The result agrees with the one obtained from kinetic theory, and consistent with relativistic thermodynamics. The…
A review of the original thermodynamic formulation of the Tolman-Ehrenfest effect prescribing the temperature profile of uncharged fluid at thermal equilibrium forming stationary configurations in curved space-time is proposed. A…
Molecular dynamics simulations of a three dimensional relativistic gas with a soft potential are conducted with different interactions and particle masses. For all cases the velocity distribution agrees numerically with the J\"uttner…
We report the statistical properties of classical particles in (2+1) gravity as resulting from numerical simulations. Only particle momenta have been taken into account. In the range of total momentum where thermal equilibrium is reached,…
With insight from examples and physical arguments, the Tolman-Ehrenfest criterion of thermal equilibrium for test fluids in static spacetimes is extended to local thermal equilibrium in conformally static geometries. The temperature of the…
Recent computer simulation results [Barrat {\em et al.}, Physica A 334 (2004) 513] for granular mixtures subject to stochastic driving have shown the validity of the Einstein relation $\epsilon\equiv D/(T_0\lambda)=1$ between the diffusion…
In this article we study a fully relativistic model of a two dimensional hard-disk gas. This model avoids the general problems associated with relativistic particle collisions and is therefore an ideal system to study relativistic effects…
A simplified relativistic kinetic theory for gases with internal degrees of freedom, based on a BGK-type collision term, is considered. First the Boltzmann equation is rewritten in tetrad form and then thermal coefficients are determined to…
We demonstrate that a gas of classical particles trapped in an external asymmetric potential undergoes a quasiperiodic motion, if the temperature of its initial velocity distribution $T_{ne}$ differs from the equilibrium temperature,…
A classical (non-quantum-mechanical) relativistic ideal gas in thermodynamic equilibrium in a uniformly accelerated frame of reference is studied using Gibbs's microcanonical and grand canonical formulations of statistical mechanics. Using…
We identify a velocity distribution function of ideal gas particles that is compatible with the local equilibrium assumption and the fundamental thermodynamic relation satisfying the endoreversibility. We find that this distribution is a…
A new kinetic theory Boltzmann-like collision term including correlations is proposed. In equilibrium it yields the one-particle distribution function in the form of a generalised-Lorentzian resembling but not being identical with the…