English

Directed motion and useful work from an isotropic nonequilibrium distribution

Statistical Mechanics 2008-01-24 v1

Abstract

We demonstrate that a gas of classical particles trapped in an external asymmetric potential undergoes a quasiperiodic motion, if the temperature of its initial velocity distribution TneT_{ne} differs from the equilibrium temperature, TeqT_{eq}. The magnitude of the effect is determined by the value of TneTeqT_{ne}-T_{eq}, and the direction of the motion is determined by the sign of this expression. The "loading'' and "unloading'' of the gas particles change directions of their motion, thereby creating a possibility of shuttle-like motion. The system works as a Carnot engine where the heat flow between kinetic and potential parts of the nonequilibrium distribution produces the useful work.

Keywords

Cite

@article{arxiv.0711.4105,
  title  = {Directed motion and useful work from an isotropic nonequilibrium distribution},
  author = {M. F. Gelin and D. S. Kosov},
  journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:0711.4105},
  year   = {2008}
}
R2 v1 2026-06-21T09:47:26.711Z