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We study the 1-planar, quasi-planar, and fan-planar crossing number in comparison to the (unrestricted) crossing number of graphs. We prove that there are $n$-vertex 1-planar (quasi-planar, fan-planar) graphs such that any 1-planar…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2019-09-10 Markus Chimani , Philipp Kindermann , Fabrizio Montecchiani , Pavel Valtr

We study the following classes of beyond-planar graphs: 1-planar, IC-planar, and NIC-planar graphs. These are the graphs that admit a 1-planar, IC-planar, and NIC-planar drawing, respectively. A drawing of a graph is 1-planar if every edge…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2019-08-12 Steven Chaplick , Fabian Lipp , Alexander Wolff , Johannes Zink

Given an n-vertex graph G, a drawing of G in the plane is a mapping of its vertices into points of the plane, and its edges into continuous curves, connecting the images of their endpoints. A crossing in such a drawing is a point where two…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2010-10-20 Julia Chuzhoy , Yury Makarychev , Anastasios Sidiropoulos

In this paper we study the computational complexity of the Upward Planarity Extension problem, which takes in input an upward planar drawing $\Gamma_H$ of a subgraph $H$ of a directed graph $G$ and asks whether $\Gamma_H$ can be extended to…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2019-02-19 Giordano Da Lozzo , Giuseppe Di Battista , Fabrizio Frati

A monotone drawing of a planar graph $G$ is a planar straight-line drawing of $G$ where a monotone path exists between every pair of vertices of $G$ in some direction. Recently monotone drawings of planar graphs have been proposed as a new…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2013-10-24 Md. Iqbal Hossain , Md. Saidur Rahman

Beyond-planarity focuses on the study of geometric and topological graphs that are in some sense nearly-planar. Here, planarity is relaxed by allowing edge crossings, but only with respect to some local forbidden crossing configurations.…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2017-12-29 Patrizio Angelini , Michael A. Bekos , Michael Kaufmann , Maximilian Pfister , Torsten Ueckerdt

Any planar graph has a crossing-free straight-line drawing in the plane. A simultaneous geometric embedding of two n-vertex graphs is a straight-line drawing of both graphs on a common set of n points, such that the edges withing each…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2007-05-23 Martin Kutz

We consider the following two algorithmic problems: given a graph $G$ and a subgraph $H\subseteq G$, decide whether $H$ is an isometric or a geodesically convex subgraph of $G$. It is relatively easy to see that the problems can be solved…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Sergio Cabello

A graph is beyond-planar if it can be drawn in the plane with a specific restriction on crossings. Several types of beyond-planar graphs have been investigated, such as k-planar if every edge is crossed at most k times and RAC if edges can…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2022-01-04 Franz J. Brandenburg

We provide an algorithm for computing a planar morph between any two planar straight-line drawings of any $n$-vertex plane graph in $O(n)$ morphing steps, thus improving upon the previously best known $O(n^2)$ upper bound. Further, we prove…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2014-02-20 Patrizio Angelini , Giordano Da Lozzo , Giuseppe Di Battista , Fabrizio Frati , Maurizio Patrignani , Vincenzo Roselli

We consider the problem of stretching pseudolines in a planar straight-line drawing to straight lines while preserving the straightness and the combinatorial embedding of the drawing. We answer open questions by Mchedlidze et al. by showing…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2020-08-17 Marcel Radermacher , Ignaz Rutter , Peter Stumpf

We generalize the notions of flippable and simultaneously flippable edges in a triangulation of a set S of points in the plane to so-called \emph{pseudo-simultaneously flippable edges}. Such edges are related to the notion of convex…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2015-03-17 Michael Hoffmann , Micha Sharir , Adam Sheffer , Csaba D. Tóth , Emo Welzl

In octilinear drawings of planar graphs, every edge is drawn as an alternating sequence of horizontal, vertical and diagonal ($45^\circ$) line-segments. In this paper, we study octilinear drawings of low edge complexity, i.e., with few…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2014-08-27 Michael A. Bekos , Martin Gronemann , Michael Kaufmann , Robert Krug

Modern methods of graph theory describe a graph up to isomorphism, which makes it difficult to create mathematical models for visualizing graph drawings on a plane. The topological drawing of the planar part of a graph allows representing…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-08-01 Sergey Kurapov , Maxim Davidovsky

We settle a problem of Dujmovi\'c, Eppstein, Suderman, and Wood by showing that there exists a function $f$ with the property that every planar graph $G$ with maximum degree $d$ admits a drawing with noncrossing straight-line edges, using…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2010-11-13 Balázs Keszegh , János Pach , Dömötör Pálvölgyi

A graph is $k$-planar if it can be drawn in the plane such that no edge is crossed more than $k$ times. While for $k=1$, optimal $1$-planar graphs, i.e., those with $n$ vertices and exactly $4n-8$ edges, have been completely characterized,…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2017-03-21 Michael A. Bekos , Michael Kaufmann , Chrysanthi N. Raftopoulou

Consider the following problem: Given a planar graph $G$, what is the maximum number $p$ such that $G$ has a planar straight-line drawing with $p$ collinear vertices? This problem resides at the core of several graph drawing problems,…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2016-09-01 Giordano Da Lozzo , Vida Dujmovic , Fabrizio Frati , Tamara Mchedlidze , Vincenzo Roselli

A graph is crossing-critical if the removal of any of its edges decreases its crossing number. This work is motivated by the following question: to what extent is crossing- criticality a property that is inherent to the structure of a…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2011-12-20 Laurent Beaudou , César Hernández-Vélez , Gelasio Salazar

We consider the problem of untangling a given (non-planar) straight-line circular drawing $\delta_G$ of an outerplanar graph $G=(V, E)$ into a planar straight-line circular drawing by shifting a minimum number of vertices to a new position…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2021-12-21 Sujoy Bhore , Guangping Li , Martin Nöllenburg , Ignaz Rutter , Hsiang-Yun Wu

We call a multigraph {\em non-homotopic} if it can be drawn in the plane in such a way that no two edges connecting the same pair of vertices can be continuously transformed into each other without passing through a vertex, and no loop can…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-09-22 János Pach , Gábor Tardos , Géza Tóth