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By virtue of their high galaxy space densities and their large spatial separations, clusters are efficient and accurate tracers of the large-scale density and velocity fields. Substantial progress has been made over the past decade in the…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 Marc Postman

We applied a Density-Based Clustering algorithm on samples of galaxies and galaxy systems belonging to 53 rich superclusters from the \textit{Main SuperCluster Catalogue} (MSCC) to identify the presence of ``central regions'', or…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2024-06-05 J. M. Zúñiga , C. A. Caretta , H. Andernach

We present results of the study of peculiar motions of 57 clusters and groups of galaxies in the regions of the Corona Borealis (CrB), Bootes (Boo), Z5029/A1424, A1190, A1750/A1809 superclusters of galaxies and 20 galaxy clusters located…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2019-04-03 F. G. Kopylova , A. I. Kopylov

We report the discovery of a large-scale structure containing multiple protoclusters at z=3.78 in the Bo\"otes field. The spectroscopic discovery of five galaxies at z=3.783+/-0.002 lying within 1 Mpc of one another led us to undertake a…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-19 Kyoung-Soo Lee , Arjun Dey , Sungryong Hong , Naveen Reddy , Christian Wilson , Buell T. Jannuzi , Hanae Inami , Anthony H. Gonzalez

Redshift-space distortions in the clustering of galaxy clusters provide a novel probe to test the gravity theory on cosmological scales. The aim of this work is to derive new constraints on the linear growth rate of cosmic structures from…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2021-10-12 Federico Marulli , Alfonso Veropalumbo , Jorge Enrique García-Farieta , Michele Moresco , Lauro Moscardini , Andrea Cimatti

In the cosmic web, galaxy superclusters or their high-density cores are the largest objects that may collapse at present or during the future evolution. We study the dynamical state and possible future evolution of galaxy superclusters from…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2016-11-02 Maret Einasto , Heidi Lietzen , Mirt Gramann , Elmo Tempel , Enn Saar , Lauri Juhan Liivamägi , Pekka Heinämäki , Pasi Nurmi , Jaan Einasto

We study the gravitational influence of very large scale structures, as traced by clusters of galaxies, on the Local Group [LG] motion and the large scale flows. We derive from the distribution of Abell clusters within $300~$Mpc/h the…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 R. Scaramella

The richest and largest structures in the cosmic web are galaxy superclusters, their complexes (associations of several almost connected very rich superclusters), and planes. Superclusters represent a special environment where the evolution…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2025-06-26 Maret Einasto

It is likely that all stars are born in clusters, but most clusters are not bound and disperse. None of the many protoclusters in our Galaxy are likely to develop into long-lived bound clusters. The Super Star Clusters (SSCs) seen in…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2015-05-20 Sara Beck

Present-day galaxy clusters are the largest virialized structures in the Universe, yet their early assembly remains poorly understood. At z$>$2, clusters in formation span tens of Mpc and host gas-rich, dust-obscured galaxies embedded in…

The Galactic Center 50 km s$^{-1}$ Molecular Cloud (50MC) is the most remarkable molecular cloud in the Sagittarius A region. This cloud is a candidate for the massive star formation induced by cloud-cloud collision (CCC) with a collision…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2019-03-07 Kenta Uehara , Masato Tsuboi , Yoshimi Kitamura , Ryosuke Miyawaki

The analysis of the presence of substructures in 16 well-sampled clusters of galaxies suggests a stimulating hypothesis: Clusters could be classified as unimodal or bimodal, on the basis of to the sub-clump distribution in the {\em 3-D}…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-10-22 E. Escalera , A. Biviano , M. Girardi , G. Giuricin , F. Mardirossian , A. Mazure , M. Mezzetti

We present a strong lensing analysis on the massive cluster Abell 370 (A370; z = 0.375), using a combination of deep multi-band Hubble Space Telescope (HST) imaging and Multi-Unit Spectroscopic Explorer (MUSE) spectroscopy. From only two…

Brightest cluster galaxies (BCGs) lie deep within the largest gravitationally bound structures in existence. Though some cluster finding techniques identify the position of the BCG and use it as the cluster center, other techniques may not…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2025-02-04 Patrick Janulewicz , Tracy M. A. Webb , Laurence Perreault-Levasseur

Open clusters (OCs) in our Galaxy can be found in pairs, possibly forming physical binaries, or in groups. These objects offer unique insights into the process of star formation and testify to the dynamical interactions at local and…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2026-04-22 Qingshun Hu , Yufei Cai , Caroline Soubiran , Yu Dai , Yuting Li , Yangping Luo , Mingfeng Qin

Galaxy clusters, the largest gravitationally bound objects in the Universe, are thought to grow by accreting mass from their surroundings through large-scale virial shocks. Due to electron acceleration in such a shock, it should appear as a…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2017-11-15 Uri Keshet , Doron Kushnir , Abraham Loeb , Eli Waxman

The strong lensing modelling of gravitational ``rings'' formed around massive galaxies is sensitive to the amplitude of the external shear and convergence produced by nearby mass condensations. In current wide field surveys, it is now…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-13 H. Tu , M. Limousin , B. Fort , C. G. Shu , J. F. Sygnet , E. Jullo , J. -P. Kneib , J. Richard

Many astrophysical and galaxy-scale cosmological problems require a well determined gravitational potential which is often modeled by observers under strong assumptions. Globular clusters (GCs) surrounding galaxies can be used as dynamical…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2020-05-20 Sophia Lilleengen , Wilma H. Trick , Glenn van de Ven

(Abridged) We present stellar kinematics of the MUSE Most Massive Galaxies (M3G) Survey, comprising 25 galaxies brighter than -25.7 mag in the Ks-band and stellar mass above ~6x10^11 Msun. Galaxies are divided between the brightest cluster…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2026-04-01 Davor Krajnovic , Eric Emsellem , Roland Bacon , Leindert A. Boogaard , Peter M. Weilbacher , Lutz Wisotzki

We report the first results of a spectroscopic survey of galaxies in the core of the Shapley Concentration, the richest nearby supercluster of clusters of galaxies. We have measured 311 new galaxy redshifts in an area of $\sim 4.5$ square…

Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-24 S. Bardelli , E. Zucca , G. Vettolani , G. Zamorani