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For two graphs $F$ and $H$, the relative Tur\'{a}n number $\mathrm{ex}(H,F)$ is the maximum number of edges in an $F$-free subgraph of $H$. Foucaud, Krivelevich, and Perarnau \cite{FKP} and Perarnau and Reed \cite{PR} studied these…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-06-18 Sam Spiro , Jacques Verstraëte

The well-known Tur\'{a}n theorem states that if $G$ is an $n$-vertex $K_{r+1}$-free graph, then $e(G)\le e(T_{n,r})$, with equality if and only if $G$ is the $r$-partite Tur\'{a}n graph $T_{n,r}$. A graph $F$ is called color-critical if it…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-04-11 Jian Zheng , Yongtao Li , Honghai Li

In this paper we introduce a unifying approach to the generalized Tur\'an problem and supersaturation results in graph theory. The supersaturation-extremal function $satex(n, F : m, G)$ is the least number of copies of a subgraph $G$ an…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-10-04 Dániel Gerbner , Zoltán Lóránt Nagy , Máté Vizer

A {\it simple $k$-coloring} of a multigraph $G$ is a decomposition of the edge multiset as a disjoint sum of $k$ simple graphs which are referred as colors. A subgraph $H$ of a multigraph $G$ is called {\it multicolored} if its edges…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-09-17 Xihe Li , Jie Ma , Zhiheng Zheng

Let $H$ be a graph and $t\geq s\geq 2$ be integers. We prove that if $G$ is an $n$-vertex graph with no copy of $H$ and no induced copy of $K_{s,t}$, then $\lambda(G) = O\left(n^{1-1/s}\right)$ where $\lambda(G)$ is the spectral radius of…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2017-01-27 Vladimir Nikiforov , Michael Tait , Craig Timmons

Given $r$-uniform hypergraphs $G$ and $H$ the Tur\'an number $\rm ex(G, H)$ is the maximum number of edges in an $H$-free subgraph of $G$. We study the typical value of $\rm ex(G, H)$ when $G=G_{n,p}^{(r)}$, the Erd\H{o}s-R\'enyi random…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-07-21 Dhruv Mubayi , Liana Yepremyan

A classical result in extremal graph theory is Mantel's Theorem, which states that every maximum triangle-free subgraph of $K_n$ is bipartite. A sparse version of Mantel's Theorem is that, for sufficiently large $p$, every maximum…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2015-05-29 József Balogh , Jane Butterfield , Ping Hu , John Lenz

Given an $r$-graph $H$ on $h$ vertices, and a family $\mathcal{F}$ of forbidden subgraphs, we define $\ex_{H}(n, \mathcal{F})$ to be the maximum number of induced copies of $H$ in an $\mathcal{F}$-free $r$-graph on $n$ vertices. Then the…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2015-03-12 Victor Falgas-Ravry , Emil R. Vaughan

This paper considers an edge minimization problem in saturated bipartite graphs. An $n$ by $n$ bipartite graph $G$ is $H$-saturated if $G$ does not contain a subgraph isomorphic to $H$ but adding any missing edge to $G$ creates a copy of…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-06-10 Debsoumya Chakraborti , Da Qi Chen , Mihir Hasabnis

We consider finite simple graphs. Given a graph $H$ and a positive integer $n,$ the Tur\'{a}n number of $H$ for the order $n,$ denoted ${\rm ex}(n,H),$ is the maximum size of a graph of order $n$ not containing $H$ as a subgraph. Erd\H{o}s…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-02-03 Pu Qiao , Xingzhi Zhan

A central problem in extremal graph theory is to estimate, for a given graph $H$, the number of $H$-free graphs on a given set of $n$ vertices. In the case when $H$ is not bipartite, fairly precise estimates on this number are known. In…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2017-10-13 Asaf Ferber , Gweneth Anne McKinley , Wojciech Samotij

We introduce the following simpler variant of the Tur\'an problem: Given integers $n>k>r\geq 2$ and $m\geq 1$, what is the smallest integer $t$ for which there exists an $r$-uniform hypergraph with $n$ vertices, $t$ edges and $m$ connected…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-06-13 Raffaella Mulas , Jiaxi Nie

The \textit{generalized Tur\'an number} $\mathrm{ex}(n, T, F)$ is the maximum possible number of copies of $T$ in an $F$-free graph on $n$ vertices for any two graphs $T$ and $F$. For the book graph $B_t$, there is a close connection…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-02-25 Jun Gao , Zhuo Wu , Yisai Xue

We consider the following generalized Tur\'an problem: For $2 \le s \le t$, what is the maximum number of triangles in a $K_{1,s,t}$-free graph on $n$ vertices? The previously best known lower and upper bounds are $\Omega(n^2)$ and…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-08-15 Asier Calbet , Ritesh Goenka

Given a graph $H$, the extremal number $\mathrm{ex}(n,H)$ is the largest number of edges in an $H$-free graph on $n$ vertices. We make progress on a number of conjectures about the extremal number of bipartite graphs. First, writing…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-04-28 David Conlon , Oliver Janzer , Joonkyung Lee

Let F(G) be a fixed linear combination of the k extremal eigenvalues of a graph G and of its complement. The problem of finding max{F(G):v(G)=n} generalizes a number of problems raised previously in the literature. We show that the limit…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Vladimir Nikiforov

We study the Seifert surfaces of a link by relating the embeddings of graphs by using induced graphs. As applications, we prove that every link $L$ is the boundary of an oriented surface which is obtained from a graph embedding of a…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2014-09-11 Dongseok Kim

One of the most basic questions one can ask about a graph $H$ is: how many $H$-free graphs on $n$ vertices are there? For non-bipartite $H$, the answer to this question has been well-understood since 1986, when Erd\H{o}s, Frankl and R\"odl…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2015-11-12 Robert Morris , David Saxton

In a generalized Tur\'an problem, we are given graphs $H$ and $F$ and seek to maximize the number of copies of $H$ in an $F$-free graph of order $n$. We consider generalized Tur\'an problems where the host graph is planar. In particular we…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-03-19 Ervin Győri , Addisu Paulos , Nika Salia , Casey Tompkins , Oscar Zamora

For two graphs $G$ and $F$, the extremal number of $F$ in $G$, denoted by {ex}$(G,F)$, is the maximum number of edges in a spanning subgraph of $G$ not containing $F$ as a subgraph. Determining {ex}$(K_n,F)$ for a given graph $F$ is a…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2023-05-25 Junxue Zhang
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