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A simple optical method is presented for identifying and measuring the effective optical properties of nanometer-thick, graphene-based materials, based on the use of substrates consisting of a thin dielectric layer on silicon. High contrast…

We have experimentally studied the optical refractive index of few-layer graphene through reflection spectroscopy at visible wavelengths. A laser scanning microscope (LSM) with a coherent supercontinuum laser source measured the…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2016-09-30 Behnood G. Ghamsari , Jacob Tosado , Mahito Yamamoto , Michael S. Fuhrer , Steven M. Anlage

The visibility of graphene sheets on different types of substrates has been investigated both theoretically and experimentally. Although single layer graphene is observable on various types of dielectrics under an optical microscope, it is…

Materials Science · Physics 2009-12-29 Guoquan Teo , Haomin Wang , Yihong Wu , Jun Zhang , Zaibing Guo , Zhenhua Ni , Zexiang Shen

We model the optical visibility of monolayer and bilayer graphene deposited on a silicon/silicon oxide substrate or thermally annealed on the surface of silicon carbide. We consider reflection and transmission setups, and find that…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2008-02-25 D. S. L. Abergel , A. Russell , Vladimir I. Fal'ko

Mid-infrared spectroscopy is essential for chemical identification and compositional analysis, due to the existence of characteristic molecular absorption fingerprints. However, it is very challenging to determine the refractive index of an…

Optics · Physics 2020-11-16 Xiaofei Xiao , Stefan A. Maier , Vincenzo Giannini

Determination of refractive index of micro-disks of a calcinated ($1100^\circ$C in air) photo-resist SZ2080$^\mathrm{TM}$ was carried out using transmission and reflection spectroscopy. Interference fringes at specific…

We study the optical contrast for single and multilayer graphene deposited on a Au/SiO2/Si substrate. Our results prove that optical microscopy allows for easy and quick localization, identification and counting of graphene layers.…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2012-11-07 Igor Wlasny , Pawel Dabrowski , Zbigniew Klusek

It was demonstrated that optical modulation together with simultaneous terahertz (THz) imaging application enables an increase in contrast by an order of magnitude illustrating hence the technique as convenient contactless tool for…

Per weight graphene is stronger than steel, but because graphene is so thin, it breaks and evidently forms cracks during handling, particularly when supporting polymers are not used for transfer. In this paper, the parameter rupture index…

Materials Science · Physics 2017-01-11 Hadi Arjmandi-Tash , Lin Jiang , Grégory F. Schneider

A key optical parameter characterizing the existence of negative refraction in a thin layer of a composite material is the effective refractive index of an equivalent, homogenized layer with the same physical thickness as the initial…

We study mechanically exfoliated nanosheets of franckeite by quantitative optical microscopy. The analysis of transmission mode and epi-illumination mode optical microscopy images provides a rapid method to estimate the thickness of the…

The analytic expressions for the maximum and minimum reflectance of optical films coated with gapped graphene are derived in the application region of the Dirac model with account of multiple reflections. The respective film thicknesses are…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2018-06-20 G. L. Klimchitskaya , V. M. Mostepanenko

Theoretical model of the enhanced optical resolution of the surface plasmon immersion microscope is developed, which is based on the optics of surface plasmon Bloch waves in the tightly bound approximation. It is shown that a similar…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2009-11-11 Igor I. Smolyaninov , Jill Elliott , G. Wurtz , Anatoly V. Zayats , Christopher C. Davis

The development of optical metamaterials has resulted in the demonstration of remarkable physical properties, including cloaking, optical magnetism, and negative refraction. The latter has attracted particular interest, mainly because of…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2015-06-11 Hayk Harutyunyan , Ryan Beams , Lukas Novotny

Negative refraction is known to occur in materials that simultaneously possess a negative electric permittivity and magnetic permeability; hence they are termed negative index materials. However, there are no known natural materials that…

In order to take advantage of the enormous potential of graphene for future electronic micro-circuits and other applications it is necessary to develop reliable, rapid and widely applicable methods to visualize graphene based structures. We…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2010-12-15 Hugo Gonçalves , Michael Belsley , Cacilda Moura , Tobias Stauber , Peter Schellenberg

Immersion optics enable creation of systems with improved optical concentration and coupling by taking advantage of the fact that the luminance of light is proportional to the square of the refractive index in a lossless optical system.…

Optics · Physics 2022-11-22 Nina Vaidya , Olav Solgaard

Exfoliated graphene monolayers are identified by optical inspection. In order to improve the monolayer detection, we investigate the angle dependence of the optical contrast of graphene on a 90nm SiO$_2$/Si substrate. We observe a…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2009-10-14 Victor Yu , Michael Hilke

Microfabrication of graphene devices used in many experimental studies currently relies on the fact that graphene crystallites can be visualized using optical microscopy if prepared on top of silicon wafers with a certain thickness of…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2007-09-22 P. Blake , K. S. Novoselov , A. H. Castro Neto , D. Jiang , R. Yang , T. J. Booth , A. K. Geim , E. W. Hill

High-reflectance in many state-of-the-art optical devices is achieved with noble metals. However, metals are limited by losses, and for certain applications, by their high mass density. Using a combination of ab initio and optical transfer…

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