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We present two models for the cosmological UV background light, and calculate the opacity of GeV gamma--rays out to redshift 9. The contributors to the background include 2 possible quasar emissivities, and output from star--forming…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-13 Rudy C. Gilmore , Piero Madau , Joel R. Primack , Rachel S. Somerville

Graphene as a single-atomic-layer material is fully exposed to environment and has therefore a great potential for creating of sensitive gas sensors. However, in order to realize this potential for different polluting gases, graphene has to…

The development of radiation-tolerant materials capable of maintaining structural, electrical, and thermal stability in extreme, radiation-rich environments remains a critical challenge in materials science. In this work, the effects of 60…

Raman spectroscopy of graphene is reviewed from a theoretical perspective. After an introduction of the building blocks (electronic band structure, phonon dispersion, electron-phonon interaction, electron-light coupling), Raman intensities…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2017-03-23 Sven Reichardt , Ludger Wirtz

Graphene quality indicators obtained by Raman spectroscopy have been correlated to the structural changes of the graphene/Germanium interface as a function of in-vacuum thermal annealing. Specifically, it is found that graphene becomes…

Since lattice strain and charge density affect various material properties of graphene, a reliable and efficient method is required for quantification of the two variables. While Raman spectroscopy is sensitive and non-destructive, its…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2020-08-10 Gwanghyen Ahn , Sunmin Ryu

We theoretically investigate the double-resonance Raman spectrum of monolayer graphene down to infrared laser excitation energies. By using first-principles density functional theory calculations, we improve upon previous theoretical…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2025-05-21 Lorenzo Graziotto , Francesco Macheda , Thibault Sohier , Matteo Calandra , Francesco Mauri

The influence of long-term ageing (about one year) on the Raman scattering (RS) spectra and the temperature dependence of conductivity has been studied in two series of monolayer graphene samples irradiated by different doses of C$^{+}$ and…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2016-12-28 A. Butenko , E. Zion , Yu. Kaganovskii , L. Wolfson , V. Richter , A. Sharoni , E. Kogan , M. Kaveh , I. Shlimak

Extreme Ultraviolet (EUV) lithography is the newest technology that will be used in the semiconductor industry for printing circuitry in the sub-20 nm scale. Low-energy electrons (LEEs) produced upon illumination of resist materials with…

We observe near 100 % absorption of light in intense ultrashort laser plasma interaction in a metal coated (Au on glass) sub-lambda grating structure under suitable conditions and the subsequent 'hot' electron generation from the grating…

Plasma Physics · Physics 2007-12-09 Subhendu Kahaly , G. Ravindra Kumar

Here we report a facile method to generate a high density of point defects in graphene on metal foil and show how the point defects affect the electronic structures of graphene layers. Our scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) measurements,…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2013-10-08 Hui Yan , Cheng-Cheng Liu , Ke-Ke Bai , Xuejiao Wang , Mengxi Liu , Wei Yan , Lan Meng , Yanfeng Zhang , Zhongfan Liu , Jia-Cai Nie , Yugui Yao , Lin He

Circularly polarized extreme ultraviolet (XUV) radiation is highly interesting for investigation of chirality-sensitive light-matter interactions. Recent breakthroughs have enabled generation of such light sources via high harmonic…

Optics · Physics 2019-02-19 Zi-Yu Chen , Rui Qin

Microscopy with extreme ultraviolet (EUV) radiation holds promise for high-resolution imaging with excellent material contrast, due to the short wavelength and numerous element-specific absorption edges available in this spectral range. At…

Reduced graphene oxide becomes one of the most popular materials for applications in various optical, electronic and sensor devices. Even though many methods have been already reported for reduced graphene oxide synthesis, they usually rise…

Creating defects in graphene by hydrogenation, either to achieve hydrogen chemisorption or partial etching, is a way to open an electronic band gap in graphene. Understanding the range of stability conditions of partially etched or…

Graphene and few-layer graphene at high bias expose a wealth of phenomena due to the high temperatures reached. With in-situ transmission electron microscopy (TEM) we observe directly how the current modifies the structure, and vice versa.…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2013-01-30 Amelia Barreiro , Felix Boerrnert , Mark H. Ruemmeli , Bernd Buechner , Lieven M. K. Vandersypen

Few-layer graphene deposited on semiconductor nanorods separated by undoped spacers has been studied in perspective for the fabrication of stable nanoresonators. We show that an applied bias between the graphene layer and the nanorod…

Ferroelectric films in the paraelectric phase exhibit two undesirable properties: hysteresis in the voltage-capacitance characteristics and a significant relaxation time of the capacitance. Our experiments show that suppression of both of…

We measure the two-dimensional elastic modulus $E^\text{2D}$ of atomically clean defect-engineered graphene with a known defect distribution and density in correlated ultra-high vacuum experiments. The vacancies are introduced via…

The Raman scattering spectra (RS) of two series of monolayer graphene samples irradiated with various doses of C$^{+}$ and Xe$^{+}$ ions were measured after annealing in high vacuum, and in forming gas (95\%Ar+5\%H$_{2}$). It was found that…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2017-09-28 E. Zion , A. Butenko , Yu. Kaganovskii , V. Richter , L. Wolfson , A. Sharoni , E. Kogan , M. Kaveh , I. Shlimak
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