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The integration density of photonic integrated circuits has been limited by light coupling between waveguides. Traditional approaches to layout the waveguide with high density are based on refractive index engineering to suppress the light…

We present the realization of mid-infrared waveguide by ultrafast laser inscription technique in a chalcogenide glass. Our approach is based on multicore waveguide that consists in an alignment on a mesh of positive refractive index…

Optics · Physics 2019-08-12 Pascal Masselin , Eugène Bychkov , David Le Coq

The spectral dependence of a bending loss of cascaded 60-degree bends in photonic crystal (PhC) waveguides is explored in a slab-type silicon-on-insulator system. Ultra-low bending loss of (0.05+/-0.03)dB/bend is measured at wavelengths…

Optics · Physics 2009-11-11 Solomon Assefa , Sharee J. McNab , Yurii A. Vlasov

Numerous modern technologies are reliant on the low-phase noise and exquisite timing stability of microwave signals. Substantial progress has been made in the field of microwave photonics, whereby low noise microwave signals are generated…

Femtosecond laser micromachining (FLM) fabricated waveguides inherently form elliptical cores due to differences in focal spot size and the Rayleigh range of the microscope objective. Consequently, it is essential to study their propagation…

Optics · Physics 2026-03-25 Prajal Chettri , Shailesh Srivastava

Photonic integrated circuits (PICs) are vital for developing affordable, high-performance optoelectronic devices that can be manufactured at an industrial scale, driving innovation and efficiency in various applications. Optical loss of…

Optics · Physics 2025-01-22 Mohit Khurana , Sahar Delfan , Zhenhuan Yi

This paper reports a versatile, roll-to-roll and backend compatible technique for the fabrication of high-index-contrast photonic structures on both silicon and plastic substrates. The fabrication technique combines low-temperature…

This paper reports on a novel compact, low-loss bending technique for additively manufactured dielectric image lines between 140 GHz and 220 GHz. Conventional bending approaches require either large curvature radii or technologically…

Applied Physics · Physics 2024-05-02 Leonhard Hahn , Tobias Bader , Christian Carlowitz , Martin Vossiek , Gerald Gold

Reducing the fabrication cost of photonic integrated circuits while maintaining low optical losses and technological simplicity is essential for their wider implementation. In conventional manufacturing methods, the dielectric cladding…

Three dimensional waveguides within the bulk of diamond are manufactured using ultrafast laser fabrication. High intensities within the focal volume of the laser cause breakdown of the diamond into a graphitic phase leading to a stress…

Optics · Physics 2016-07-29 Arnaud Courvoisier , Martin J. Booth , Patrick S. Salter

Even though submicron silicon waveguides have been proposed for dense integration of photonic devices, to date the lightwave circuits on the market mainly rely on waveguides with micron-scale core dimensions. These larger waveguides feature…

The quest for practical waveguides operating in the terahertz range faces two major hurdles: large losses and high rigidity. While recent years have been marked by remarkable progress in lowering the impact of material losses using…

Optics · Physics 2021-11-22 Alessio Stefani , Jonathan Skelton , Alessandro Tuniz

In this work, we demonstrate compact paper-clip spiral silicon photonic waveguides with ultra-low delay loss. We characterize the optical loss and group delay of single-mode and multi-mode silicon waveguides across the telecom O-, S-, C-,…

Photonic integrated circuits utilize various waveguide materials, each excelling in specific metrics like efficient light emission, low propagation loss, high electro-optic efficiency, and potential for mass production. Inherent…

Materials with a zero refractive index support electromagnetic modes that exhibit stationary phase profiles. While such materials have been realized across the visible and near-infrared spectral range, radiative and dissipative optical…

There are numerous advantages to exploiting diffraction-limited instrumentation at astronomical observatories, which include smaller footprints, less mechanical and thermal instabilities and high levels of performance. To realize such…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2013-11-05 Izabela Spaleniak , Nemanja Jovanovic , Simon Gross , Michael J. Ireland , Jon S. Lawrence , Michael J. Withford

Periodic or gradient subwavelength structures are basic configurations of photonic crystals and metamaterials. While the numerical simulations predict trivial loss, but the fabricated photonic crystal waveguides by E-beam lithography and…

Applied Physics · Physics 2021-04-20 Yahui Xiao , Feifan Wang , Dun Mao , Thomas Kananen , Tiantian Li , Hwaseob Lee , Zi Wang , Tingyi Gu

Femtosecond laser writing is applied to form Bragg grating waveguides in the diamond bulk. Type II waveguides are integrated with a single pulse point-by-point periodic laser modification positioned towards the edge of the waveguide core.…

We report on fabrication of tubular optical waveguides buried in ZBLAN glass based on transverse femtosecond laser direct writing. Irradiation in ZBLAN with focused femtosecond laser pulses leads to decrease of refractive index in the…

Optics · Physics 2016-05-12 Yang Liao , Jia Qi , Peng Wang , Wei Chu , Zhaohui Wang , Lingling Qiao , Ya Cheng

In this work we present a detailed analysis of individual loss mechanisms in silicon nitride partial Euler bends at a wavelength of 850 nm. This structure optimizes the transmission through small radii optical waveguide bends. The partial…