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Related papers: Uncertainty, incompleteness, chance, and design

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Do completely unpredictable events exist in nature? Classical theory, being fully deterministic, completely excludes fundamental randomness. On the contrary, quantum theory allows for randomness within its axiomatic structure. Yet, the fact…

General relativity, despite its profound successes, fails as a complete theory due to presence of singularities. While it is widely believed that quantum gravity has the potential to be a complete theory, in which spacetime consistently…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-12-01 Mir Faizal , Lawrence M. Krauss , Arshid Shabir , Francesco Marino , Behnam Pourhassan

I introduce a framework to distinguish two domains of physics - the manifest (i.e. the directly observable empirical records in terms of manifest configurations) and the non-manifest domain of physics (i.e. the things that the manifest…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-08-13 Johannes Fankhauser

One purpose -- quite a few thinkers would say the main purpose -- of seeking knowledge about the world is to enhance our ability to make good decisions. An item of knowledge that can make no conceivable difference with regard to anything we…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2013-04-12 Henry E. Kyburg

The process of doing Science in condition of uncertainty is illustrated with a toy experiment in which the inferential and the forecasting aspects are both present. The fundamental aspects of probabilistic reasoning, also relevant in real…

History and Overview · Mathematics 2018-02-07 Giulio D'Agostini

Little effort has been devoted to studying generalised notions or models of (un)predictability, yet is an important concept throughout physics and plays a central role in quantum information theory, where key results rely on the supposed…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-01-27 Alastair A. Abbott , Cristian S. Calude , Karl Svozil

We develop a general, non-probabilistic model of prediction which is suitable for assessing the (un)predictability of individual physical events. We use this model to provide, for the first time, a rigorous proof of the unpredictability of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-10-06 Alastair A. Abbott , Cristian S. Calude , Karl Svozil

This paper gives a counterexample to the impossibility, by G\"odel's second incompleteness theorem, of proving a formula expressing the consistency of arithmetic in a fragment of arithmetic on the assumption that the latter is consistent.…

Logic · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Alexander S. Yessenin-Volpin , Christer Hennix

We show how G\"odel's first incompleteness theorem has an analog in quantum theory. G\"odel's theorem implies endless opportunities for appending axioms to arithmetic, implicitly showing a role for an agent, namely an agent that asserts an…

History and Philosophy of Physics · Physics 2019-01-08 John M. Myers , F. Hadi Madjid

The basic notions of logic-predicate logic, Peano arithmetic, incompleteness theorems, etc.-have for long been an advanced topic. In the last decades, they became more widely taught, inphilosophy, mathematics, and computer science…

History and Overview · Mathematics 2023-04-03 Gilles Dowek

We formalize two independent computational limitations that constrain algorithmic intelligence: formal incompleteness and dynamical unpredictability. The former limits the deductive power of consistent reasoning systems while the latter…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-12-23 Abhisek Ganguly

What if the paradoxical nature of quantum theory could find its source in some undecidability analog to that of G\"odel's incompleteness theorem ? This essay aims at arguing for such G\"odelian hunch via two case studies. Firstly, using a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-08-25 Hippolyte Dourdent

The process of evolutionary diversification unfolds in a vast genotypic space of potential outcomes. During the past century there have been remarkable advances in the development of theory for this diversification, and the theory's success…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2011-10-14 Troy Day

The uncertainty principle bounds the uncertainties about incompatible measurements, clearly setting quantum theory apart from the classical world. Its mathematical formulation via uncertainty relations, plays an irreplaceable role in…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-08-22 Yunlong Xiao , Kun Fang , Gilad Gour

The intrinsic difficulties in building realistic climate models and in providing complete, reliable and meaningful observational datasets, and the conceptual impossibility of testing theories against data imply that the usual Galilean…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Valerio Lucarini

A fundamental problem in science is how to make logical inferences from scientific data. Mere data does not suffice since additional information is necessary to select a domain of models or hypotheses and thus determine the likelihood of…

History and Philosophy of Physics · Physics 2015-06-17 Moorad Alexanian

These five lectures on undecidability were given to students with a good level in mathematics but with no special knowledge on logic. The first conference presents the formalization of mathematics with a short historical survey, the…

Logic · Mathematics 2007-11-30 Nicolas Bouleau , Jean-Yves Girard , Alain Louveau

The principle which allows to construct new physical theories on the basis of classical mechanics by reduction of the number of its axiom without engaging new postulates is formulated. The arising incompleteness of theory manifests itself…

General Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 S. S. Stepanov

Taking into account the results that we have been obtained during the last decade in the foundations of quantum mechanic we put forward a view on reality that we call the 'creation discovery view'. In this view it is made explicit that a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Diederik Aerts

Spacetime singularities in general relativity are commonly thought to be problematic, in that they signal a breakdown in the theory. We address the question of how to interpret this breakdown, restricting our attention to classical…

History and Philosophy of Physics · Physics 2021-02-03 Feraz Azhar , Mohammad Hossein Namjoo
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