Related papers: The optimal division between sample and background…
In the double beta decay experiment NEMO~3 a precise knowledge of the background in the signal region is of outstanding importance. This article presents the methods used in NEMO~3 to evaluate the backgrounds resulting from most if not all…
Porous materials are widely used in different applications, in particular they are used to create various filters. Their quality depends on parameters that characterize the internal structure such as porosity, permeability and so on.…
We propose an algorithm for separating the foreground (mainly text and line graphics) from the smoothly varying background in screen content images. The proposed method is designed based on the assumption that the background part of the…
Some large scale inference problems are considered based on using the relative belief ratio as a measure of statistical evidence. This approach is applied to the multiple testing problem. A particular application of this is concerned with…
We show how to obtain a Bayesian estimate of the rates or numbers of signal and background events from a set of events when the shapes of the signal and background distributions are known, can be estimated, or approximated; our method works…
We demonstrate how boson sampling with photons of partial distinguishability can be expressed in terms of interference of fewer photons. We use this observation to propose a classical algorithm to simulate the output of a boson sampler fed…
Blended light is an important source of degeneracy in the characterization of microlensing events, particularly in binary-lens and high magnification events. We show how the techniques of image subtraction can be applied to form an image of…
Boson sampling is one of the leading protocols for demonstrating a quantum advantage, but the theory of how this protocol responds to noise is still incomplete. We extend the theory of classical simulation of boson sampling with partial…
We provide a comprehensive comparison of linear amplifiers and microwave photon-counters in axion dark matter experiments. The study is done assuming a range of realistic operating conditions and detector parameters, over the frequency…
Image subtraction in astronomy is a tool for transient object discovery and characterization, particularly useful in wide fields, and is well suited for moving or photometrically varying objects such as asteroids, extra-solar planets and…
Astronomers are often confronted with funky populations and distributions of objects: brighter objects are more likely to be detected; targets are selected based on colour cuts; imperfect classification yields impure samples. Failing to…
In this letter, an effective image saliency detection method is proposed by constructing some novel spaces to model the background and redefine the distance of the salient patches away from the background. Concretely, given the…
It is common to split a dataset into training and testing sets before fitting a statistical or machine learning model. However, there is no clear guidance on how much data should be used for training and testing. In this article we show…
While supervised object detection and segmentation methods achieve impressive accuracy, they generalize poorly to images whose appearance significantly differs from the data they have been trained on. To address this when annotating data is…
Spontaneous downconversion is a versatile source for correlated biphotons that has been employed in many quantum sensing and imaging experiments. Spatially-resolved photon-counting detectors allow to access a large number of modes, posing…
A framework is developed using techniques from rate distortion theory in statistical testing. The idea is first to do optimal compression according to a certain distortion function and then use information divergence from the compressed…
In this paper, we model a real-time feasible rosette imager, consisting of a rosette scanner, an optical sensor and a deterministic image reconstruction algorithm. We fine-tune the rosette imager through selecting the appropriate sensor…
In low activity gamma spectrometric measurements of large, dense samples, the bulk sample material shields the HPGe crystal from external background sources. If not accounted for in studies that utilise background-subtraction methods, this…
Until recently, it was considered by many that ground-based photometry could not reach the high cadence sub-mmag regime because of the presence of the atmosphere. Indeed, high frequency atmospheric noises (mainly scintillation) limit the…
Ptychography involves a sample being illuminated by a coherent, localised probe of illumination. When the probe interacts with the sample, the light is diffracted and a diffraction pattern is detected. Then the probe or sample is shifted…