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Semi-quantum key distribution protocols are designed to allow two parties to establish a shared secret key, secure against an all-powerful adversary, even when one of the users is restricted to measuring and preparing quantum states in one…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-11-15 Omar Amer , Walter O. Krawec

High-dimensional quantum key distribution (HD-QKD) offers a promising approach to enhance secret key rates beyond conventional binary-encoded QKD, addressing the growing demand for secure data transmission. However, the practical…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-16 Yang Zhou , Xing-Yu Zhou , Shu-Fan Wu , Qiang Zeng , Zhi-Liang Yuan , Qin Wang

We address the multi-user quantum key distribution (QKD) problem under malicious quantum attacks, which is critical for realizing a large-scale quantum Internet. This paper maximizes the sum secret key rate (SKR) of a novel uplink…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-12-09 Zhichao Dong , Xiaolin Zhou , Huang Peng , Wei Ni , Ekram Hossain , Xin Wang

Nonlinear amplifiers such as the transistor are ubiquitous in classical technology, but their quantum analogues are not well understood. We introduce a class of nonlinear amplifiers that amplify any normal operator and add only a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-05-17 Jeffrey M. Epstein , K. Birgitta Whaley , Joshua Combes

Quantum mechanics imposes that any amplifier that works independently on the phase of the input signal has to introduce some excess noise. The impossibility of such a noiseless amplifier is rooted into unitarity and linearity of quantum…

Existing experimental implementations of continuous-variable quantum key distribution require shot-noise limited operation, achieved with shot-noise limited lasers. However, loosening this requirement on the laser source would allow for…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-09-22 Christian S. Jacobsen , Tobias Gehring , Ulrik L. Andersen

At the fundamental level, quantum communication is ultimately limited by noise. For instance, quantum signals cannot be amplified without the introduction of noise in the amplified states. Furthermore, photon loss reduces the…

Noise level frequently set the basic limit on the smallest signal. New noise reduction technology and amplifiers voltage-noise density, yet still offer high speed, high accuracy, and low power solution. Low noise amplifiers always play a…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2018-07-30 A. Abbasi , N. Sulaiman , Rozita Teymourzadeh

Quantum key distribution provides secure keys resistant to code-breaking quantum computers. The continuous-variable version of quantum key distribution offers the advantages of higher secret key rates in metropolitan areas, as well as the…

Here we report the performance of a discrete modulated Continuous Variable Quantum Key Distribution protocol based on eight and sixteen state optimal Amplitude Phase Keying constellations with pure loss quantum channel transmission. Our…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-04-20 Micael Andrade Dias , Francisco Marcos de Assis

A theoretical research and numerical simulation of the noise influence caused by spontaneous Raman scattering, four-wave mixing, and linear channel crosstalk on the performance of QKD systems was conducted. Three types of QKD systems were…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-05-18 Irina Vorontsova , Roman Goncharov , Angelina Tarabrina , Fedor Kiselev , Vladimir Egorov

Scaling beyond individual quantum devices via distributed quantum computing relies critically on high-fidelity quantum state transfers between devices, yet the quantum interconnects needed for this are currently unavailable or expected to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-07-03 Marvin Bechtold , Johanna Barzen , Frank Leymann , Alexander Mandl

Continuous variable (CV) quantum key distribution (QKD) provides a powerful setting for secure quantum communications, thanks to the use of room-temperature off-the-shelf optical devices and the potential to reach much higher rates than the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-03-03 Stefano Pirandola

It is well known that the repeater node is an essential ingredient for the future global quantum network, which will enable high-rate private communication and entanglement distribution over very long distances. The near-term repeater…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-06 Zhiyue Zuo , Stefano Pirandola

Recent progress in quantum computing and the development of novel detector technologies for astrophysics is driving the need for high-gain, broadband, and quantum-limited amplifiers. We present a purely traveling-wave parametric amplifier…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-06-27 Nikita Klimovich , Peter Day , Shibo Shu , Byeong Ho Eom , Henry Leduc , Andrew Beyer

Biochemical signal transduction, a form of molecular communication, can be modeled using graphical Markov channels with input-modulated transition rates. Such channel models are strongly non-Gaussian. In this paper we use a linear noise…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2019-08-30 Gregory R. Hessler , Andrew W. Eckford , Peter J. Thomas

We address the role of noisy squeezing in security and performance of continuous-variable (CV) quantum key distribution (QKD) protocols. Squeezing has long been recognized for its numerous advantages in CV QKD, such as enhanced robustness…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-03-10 Akash nag Oruganti , Ivan Derkach , Radim Filip , Vladyslav C. Usenko

We define an iterative error-minimizing secret key adapting method for multicarrier CVQKD. A multicarrier CVQKD protocol uses Gaussian subcarrier quantum continuous variables (CVs) for the transmission. The proposed method allows for the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-10-11 Laszlo Gyongyosi

Estimation of channel parameters is important for extending the range and increasing the key rate of continuous variable quantum key distribution protocols. We propose a new estimator for the channel noise parameter based on the method of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-05-04 Oliver Thearle , Syed M. Assad , Thomas Symul

In this paper, we analyse the role of non-Gaussianity in continuous-variable (CV) quantum key distribution (QKD) with multimode light under mode-mismatch. We consider entanglement-based protocol with non-Gaussian resources generated by…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-02-21 Soumyakanti Bose , Hyunseok Jeong