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The generating function for spanning forests on a lattice is related to the q-state Potts model in a certain q -> 0 limit, and extends the analogous notion for spanning trees, or dense self-avoiding branched polymers. Recent works have…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2009-09-01 Sergio Caracciolo , Andrea Sportiello

For any connected multigraph $G=(V,E)$ and any $M\subseteq E$, if $M$ induces an acyclic subgraph of $G$ and removing all edges in $M$ yields a subgraph of $G$ whose components are complete graphs, a formula for $\tau_G(M)$ is obtained,…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-07-18 Fengming Dong

In this article we investigate the Uniform Spanning Forest ($\mathsf{USF}$) in the nearest-neighbour integer lattice $\mathbf{Z}^{d+1} = \mathbf{Z}\times \mathbf{Z}^d$ with an assignment of conductances that makes the underlying (Network)…

Probability · Mathematics 2020-09-03 Guillermo Martinez Dibene

Let $G$ be a graph and let $f$ be a positive integer-valued function on $V(G)$. In this paper, we show that if for all $S\subseteq V(G)$, $\omega(G\setminus S)<\sum_{v\in S}(f(v)-2)+2+\omega(G[S])$, then $G$ has a spanning tree $T$…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-05-10 Morteza Hasanvand

For a lattice $\Lambda$ with $n$ vertices and dimension $d$ equal or higher than two, the number of spanning trees $N_{ST}(\Lambda)$ grows asymptotically as $\exp(n z_\Lambda)$ in the thermodynamic limit. We present exact integral…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2009-11-11 Shu-Chiuan Chang , Wenya Wang

The Horton-Strahler number, also known as the register function, provides a tool for quantifying the branching complexity of a rooted tree. We consider the Horton-Strahler number of critical Galton-Watson trees conditioned to have size $n$…

Probability · Mathematics 2025-10-22 Robin Khanfir

The number of rooted spanning forests divided by the number of spanning rooted trees in a graph G with Kirchhoff matrix K is the spectral quantity tau(G)= det(1+K)/det(K) of G by the matrix tree and matrix forest theorems. We prove that…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-05-24 Oliver Knill

A method to calculate exact Green's functions on lattices in various dimensions is presented. Expressions in terms of generalized hypergeometric functions in one or more variables are obtained for various examples by relating the resolvent…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2014-09-30 Koushik Ray

Consider the nearest neighbor graph for the integer lattice Z^d in d dimensions. For a large finite piece of it, consider choosing a spanning tree for that piece uniformly among all possible subgraphs that are spanning trees. As the piece…

Probability · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Robin Pemantle

We give closed form expressions for the numbers of multi-rooted plane trees with specified degrees of root vertices. This results in an infinite number of integer sequences some of which are known to have an alternative interpretation. We…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-02-06 Anwar Al Ghabra , K. Gopala Krishna , Patrick Labelle , Vasilisa Shramchenko

Let $G=(V,E)$ be a loopless graph and $\mathcal{T}(G)$ be the set of all spanning trees of $G$. Let $L(G)$ be the line graph of the graph $G$ and $t(L(G))$ be the number of spanning trees of $L(G)$. Then, by using techniques from electrical…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2015-07-31 Helin Gong , Xian'an Jin

Lattice Green's functions (LGF) and density of states (DOS) for non-interacting models on 3 related lattices are presented. The DOS and LGF at the origin for the kagome and diced lattices are rederived. Furthermore, from the form obtained…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2013-11-01 Vipin Kerala Varma , Hartmut Monien

Kirchhoff's Matrix-Tree Theorem asserts that the number of spanning trees in a finite graph can be computed from the determinant of any of its reduced Laplacian matrices. In many cases, even for well-studied families of graphs, this can be…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-08-20 Steven Klee , Matthew T. Stamps

Computing the atomic geometry of lattice defects--point defects, dislocations, crack tips, surfaces, or boundaries--requires an accurate coupling of the local strain field to the long-range elastic field. Periodic boundary conditions used…

Materials Science · Physics 2008-07-24 Dallas R. Trinkle

Generating novel molecules is challenging, with most representations leading to generative models producing many invalid molecules. Spanning Tree-based Graph Generation (STGG) is a promising approach to ensure the generation of valid…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-17 Alexia Jolicoeur-Martineau , Aristide Baratin , Kisoo Kwon , Boris Knyazev , Yan Zhang

The classical Matrix-Tree Theorem allows one to list the spanning trees of a graph by monomials in the expansion of the determinant of a certain matrix. We prove that in the case of three-graphs (that is, hypergraphs whose edges have…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Gregor Masbaum , Arkady Vaintrob

We give a proof for sharp estimate for the number of spanning trees using linear algebra and generalize this bound to multigraphs. In addition, we show that this bound is tight for complete graphs. In addition, we give estimates for number…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-12-01 K. V. Chelpanov

Let $R$ and $B$ be a set of red points and a set of blue points in the plane, respectively, such that $R\cup B$ is in general position, and let $f:R \to \{2,3,4, \ldots \}$ be a function. We show that if $2\le |B|\le \sum_{x\in R}(f(x)-2) +…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2018-12-10 Mikio Kano , Kenta Noguchi , David Orden

The Horton-Strahler number -- also called the register function -- is a combinatorial tool that quantifies the branching complexity of a rooted tree. We study the law of the Horton-Strahler number of stable Galton-Watson trees conditioned…

Probability · Mathematics 2025-09-10 Robin Khanfir

In this paper, we develop a new method to produce explicit formulas for the number $\tau(n)$ of spanning trees in the undirected circulant graphs $C_{n}(s_1,s_2,\ldots,s_k)$ and $C_{2n}(s_1,s_2,\ldots,s_k,n).$ Also, we prove that in both…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2017-12-18 Alexander Mednykh , Ilya Mednykh