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We investigate the impact of nonaxisymmetric structure on estimates of galaxy inclinations and position angles. A new minimization technique is used to obtain estimates of inclination and position angle from a global fit to either…
Sharp uncertainty relations restricting the values of variances in the position space and in the momentum (wavevector) space are derived. They have the same form $\Delta r\Delta k\ge 5/2$ in the classical theory of light beams, in the…
We present the quantum theory of the measurement of bosonic particles by multipixel detectors. For the sake of clarity, we specialize on beams of photons. We study the measurement of different spatial beam characteristics, as position and…
The search for faint emission or absorption lines in astronomical spectra has received considerable attention in recent years, especially in the X-ray wavelength range. These features usually appear as a deficit or excess of counts in a…
Better knowing the precision on the measured value of the Brillouin peak frequencies is essen-tial in order to use it to deduce parameters related to studied materials. Modern methods for evaluating uncertainties are based on the…
To produce images that are suitable for display, tone-mapping is widely used in digital cameras to map linear color measurements into narrow gamuts with limited dynamic range. This introduces non-linear distortion that must be undone,…
In stochastic decision problems, one often wants to estimate the underlying probability measure statistically, and then to use this estimate as a basis for decisions. We shall consider how the uncertainty in this estimation can be…
The nature of light sources is defined by the statistical fluctuations of the electromagnetic field. As such, the photon statistics of light sources are typically associated with distinct emitters. Here, we demonstrate the possibility of…
A beam of light, reflected at a planar interface, does not follow perfectly the ray optics prediction. Diffractive corrections lead to beam shifts; either the reflected beam is displaced (spatial shift) and/or travels in a different…
A distribution shift can have fundamental consequences such as signaling a change in the operating environment or significantly reducing the accuracy of downstream models. Thus, understanding distribution shifts is critical for examining…
I review some results of estimation of the power spectrum of density fluctuations from galaxy redshift surveys and discuss advances that may be possible with the Sloan Digital Sky Survey. I then examine the realities of power spectrum…
We introduce new natural generalizations of the classical descent and inversion statistics for permutations, called width-$k$ descents and width-$k$ inversions. These variations induce generalizations of the excedance and major statistics,…
A comprehensive uncertainty estimation is vital for the precision program of the LHC. While experimental uncertainties are often described by stochastic processes and well-defined nuisance parameters, theoretical uncertainties lack such a…
Uncertainty quantification is a key part of astronomy and physics; scientific researchers attempt to model both statistical and systematic uncertainties in their data as best as possible, often using a Bayesian framework. Decisions might…
Radio interferometric data are used to estimate the sky brightness distributions in radio frequencies. Here we focus on estimators of the large-scale structure and the power spectrum of the sky brightness distribution inferred from radio…
Handling big data has largely been a major bottleneck in traditional statistical models. Consequently, when accurate point prediction is the primary target, machine learning models are often preferred over their statistical counterparts for…
The uncertainty in the redshift distributions of galaxies has a significant potential impact on the cosmological parameter values inferred from multi-band imaging surveys. The accuracy of the photometric redshifts measured in these surveys…
The relationship between transmission area of an object imaged and the visibility of its image is investigated in a lensless system. We show that the changes of the visibility are quite different when the transmission area is varied by…
Photon coincidence spectroscopy is a promising technique for probing the nonlinear regime of cavity quantum electrodynamics in the optical domain, however its accuracy is mitigated by two factors: higher-order photon correlations, which…
We perform a systematic analysis of the effects of photometric redshift uncertainties on weak lensing tomography. We describe the photo-z distribution with a bias and Gaussian scatter that are allowed to vary arbitrarily between intervals…