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Permutons are probability measures on the unit square with uniform marginals that provide a natural way to describe limits of permutations. We are interested in the permuton limits for permutations sampled uniformly from certain…

Probability · Mathematics 2026-02-25 Kaitlyn Hohmeier , Erik Slivken

We construct an intriguing bijection between $021$-avoiding inversion sequences and $(2413,4213)$-avoiding permutations, which proves a sextuple equidistribution involving double Eulerian statistics. Two interesting applications of this…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2016-12-20 Zhicong Lin , Dongsu Kim

In this work of thesis we introduce and study a new family of sorting devices, which we call pattern-avoiding machines. They consist of two stacks in series, equipped with a greedy procedure. On both stacks we impose a static constraint in…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-10-10 Giulio Cerbai

We provide upper and lower bounds for the expected length $\mathbb E(L_{n,m})$ of the longest common pattern contained in $m$ random permutations of length $n$. We also address the tightness of the concentration of $L_{n,m}$ around $\mathbb…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2014-02-04 Michael Earnest , Anant Godbole , Yevgeniy Rudoy

We present some combinatorial interpretations for coefficients appearing in series partitioning the permutations avoiding 132 along marked mesh patterns. We identify for patterns in which only one parameter is non zero the combinatorial…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2013-11-26 Nicolas Borie

We explore how the asymptotic structure of a random $n$-term weak integer composition of $m$ evolves, as $m$ increases from zero. The primary focus is on establishing thresholds for the appearance and disappearance of substructures. These…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-12-20 David Bevan , Dan Threlfall

A permutation is called Grassmannian if it has at most one descent. In this paper, we investigate pattern avoidance and parity restrictions for such permutations. As our main result, we derive formulas for the enumeration of Grassmannian…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-10-24 Juan B. Gil , Jessica A. Tomasko

The concept of pattern avoidance respectively containment in permutations can be extended to permutations on multisets in a straightforward way. In this note we present a direct proof of the already known fact that the well-known…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2013-06-24 Marie-Louise Bruner

Inspired by a recent note of Zeilberger (arXiv:1110.4379), Alejandro Morales asked whether one can count alternating (i.e., up-down) permutations that contain the pattern 123 or 321 exactly once. In this note we answer the question in the…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2011-11-07 Joel Brewster Lewis

We define a variation of Stirling permutations, called quasi-Stirling permutations, to be permutations on the multiset $\{1,1,2,2,\ldots, n,n\}$ that avoid the patterns 1212 and 2121. Their study is motivated by a known relationship between…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2018-04-20 Kassie Archer , Adam Gregory , Bryan Pennington , Stephanie Slayden

A classical result in combinatorial number theory states that the largest subset of $[n]$ avoiding a solution to the equation $x+y=z$ is of size $\lceil n/2 \rceil$. For all integers $k>m$, we prove multicolored extensions of this result…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-06-23 Ervin Győri , Zhen He , Zequn Lv , Nika Salia , Casey Tompkins , Kitti Varga , Xiutao Zhu

Let $\pi_n$ be a uniformly chosen random permutation on $[n]$. Using an analysis of the probability that two overlapping consecutive $k$-permutations are order isomorphic, the authors of a recent paper showed that the expected number of…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-08-07 Anant Godbole , Hannah Swickheimer

A word $w=w_1w_2\cdots w_n$ is alternating if either $w_1<w_2>w_3<w_4>\cdots$ (when the word is up-down) or $w_1>w_2<w_3>w_4<\cdots$ (when the word is down-up). In this paper, we initiate the study of (pattern-avoiding) alternating words.…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2015-05-18 Emma L. L. Gao , Sergey Kitaev , Philip B. Zhang

Pattern avoidance classes of permutations that cannot be expressed as unions of proper subclasses can be described as the set of subpermutations of a single bijection. In the case that this bijection is a permutation of the natural numbers…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2007-05-23 M. D. Atkinson , M. M. Murphy , N. Ruskuc

We determine the structure of permutations avoiding the patterns 4213 and 2143. Each such permutation consists of the skew sum of a sequence of plane trees, together with an increasing sequence of points above and an increasing sequence of…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-06-22 David Bevan

We evaluate the probabilities of various events under the uniform distribution on the set of 312-avoiding permutations of 1,...,N. We derive exact formulas for the probability that the ith element of a random permutation is a specific value…

Probability · Mathematics 2014-11-11 Neal Madras , Lerna Pehlivan

For each integer k >= 2, let F(k) denote the largest n for which there exists a permutation \sigma \in S_n, all of whose patterns of length k are distinct. We prove that F(k) = k + \lfloor \sqrt{2k-3} \rfloor + e_k, where e_k \in {-1,0} for…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2012-06-12 Peter Hegarty

In this paper, we give a polynomial (O(n^8)) algorithm for finding a longest common pattern between two permutations of size n given that one is separable. We also give an algorithm for general permutations whose complexity depends on the…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2014-10-01 Dominique Rossin , Mathilde Bouvel

In this paper, we investigate pattern avoidance of parity restricted (even or odd) Grassmannian permutations for patterns of sizes 3 and 4. We use a combination of direct counting and bijective techniques to provide recurrence relations,…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-10-24 Juan B. Gil , Jessica A. Tomasko

In this paper, we prove two conjectures of Egge on the enumeration of several classes of pattern-avoiding Fishburn permutations. Our results include enumerating Fishburn permutations avoiding pattern 321 and one of the following three types…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-02-23 Yujie Du , Philip B. Zhang