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We introduce PokerBench - a benchmark for evaluating the poker-playing abilities of large language models (LLMs). As LLMs excel in traditional NLP tasks, their application to complex, strategic games like poker poses a new challenge. Poker,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-01-28 Richard Zhuang , Akshat Gupta , Richard Yang , Aniket Rahane , Zhengyu Li , Gopala Anumanchipalli

Recent advances in Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated their potential as autonomous agents across various tasks. One emerging application is the use of LLMs in playing games. In this work, we explore a practical problem for the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-10-07 Chang Xiao , Brenda Z. Yang

An open-close door gadget has two states and three tunnels that can be traversed by an agent (player, robot, etc.): the "opening" and "closing" tunnels set the gadget's state to open and closed, respectively, while the "traverse" tunnel can…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2026-03-17 MIT Gadgets Group , Jeffrey Bosboom , Erik D. Demaine , Jenny Diomidova , Dylan Hendrickson , Hayashi Layers , Jayson Lynch

As robots become increasingly capable, users will want to describe high-level missions and have robots infer the relevant details. Because pre-built maps are difficult to obtain in many realistic settings, accomplishing such missions will…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-03-24 Zachary Ravichandran , Varun Murali , Mariliza Tzes , George J. Pappas , Vijay Kumar

In this paper, we demonstrate how the problem of the optimal team choice in the popular computer game Dota Underlords can be reduced to the problem of linear integer programming. We propose a model and solve it for the real data. We also…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-07-13 Alexander A. Ponomarenko , Dmitry V. Sirotkin

Large Language Models (LLMs) have exhibited impressive capabilities across numerous domains, yet they often struggle with complex reasoning and decision-making tasks. Decision-making games, which inherently require multifaceted reasoning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-19 Haolin Wang , Xueyan Li , Yazhe Niu , Shuai Hu , Hongsheng Li

Dialogue agents that support human users in solving complex tasks have received much attention recently. Many such tasks are NP-hard optimization problems that require careful collaborative exploration of the solution space. We introduce a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-09 Isidora Jeknic , Alex Duchnowski , Alexander Koller

The strength of gnomes lies in their coordinated action. Being small and subtle creatures themselves, the forest gnomes can form large swarms acting as one giant creature. This unusual defense strategy requires a lot of skill and training.…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2021-12-28 Victor Grishchenko , Mikhail Patrakeev , S. Q. Locke

We study \emph{partial-information} two-player turn-based games on graphs with omega-regular objectives, when the partial-information player has \emph{limited memory}. Such games are a natural formalization for reactive synthesis when the…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2020-02-19 Dhananjay Raju , Rüdiger Ehlers , Ufuk Topcu

We study two positional games played on hypergraphs, whose edges may be interpreted as winning sets. Two players take turns picking a previously unpicked vertex of the hypergraph. We say a player fills an edge if that player has picked all…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Florian Galliot

Teaching assembly programming is a fundamental component of undergraduate computer science education, yet many students struggle with its abstract and low-level concepts. Existing learning tools, such as simulators and visualisers, support…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2026-03-02 Elliott Wen , Paul Denny , Andrew Luxton-Reilly , Sean Ma , Bruce Sham , Chenye Ni , Jun Seo , Yu Yang

Since the advent of computers, many tasks which required humans to spend a lot of time and energy have been trivialized by the computers' ability to perform repetitive tasks extremely quickly. Playing chess is one such task. It was one of…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2017-08-22 Rahul Aralikatte , G Srinivasaraghavan

Recent breakthroughs in Large Language Models (LLMs) have positioned them as a promising paradigm for agents, with long-term planning and decision-making emerging as core general-purpose capabilities for adapting to diverse scenarios and…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-27 Dawei Wang , Chengming Zhou , Di Zhao , Xinyuan Liu , Marci Chi Ma , Gary Ushaw , Richard Davison

We present tournament results and several powerful strategies for the Iterated Prisoner's Dilemma created using reinforcement learning techniques (evolutionary and particle swarm algorithms). These strategies are trained to perform well…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2018-02-07 Marc Harper , Vincent Knight , Martin Jones , Georgios Koutsovoulos , Nikoleta E. Glynatsi , Owen Campbell

In this paper, the idea of applying Computational Intelligence in the process of creation board games, in particular mazes, is presented. For two different algorithms the proposed idea has been examined. The results of the experiments are…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2016-01-29 Dawid Polap , Marcin Wozniak , Christian Napoli , Emiliano Tramontana

Throughout the history of games, representing the abilities of the various agents acting on behalf of the players has been a central concern. With increasingly sophisticated games emerging, these simulations have become more realistic, but…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2013-10-04 Magnus Lie Hetland

We study the complexity of the popular one player combinatorial game known as Flood-It. In this game the player is given an n by n board of tiles where each tile is allocated one of c colours. The goal is to make the colours of all tiles…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2011-06-10 Raphael Clifford , Markus Jalsenius , Ashley Montanaro , Benjamin Sach

Let $(X, \mathcal{F})$ be a hypergraph. The Maker-Breaker game on $(X, \mathcal{F})$ is a combinatorial game between two players, Maker and Breaker. Beginning with Maker, the players take turns claiming vertices from $X$ that have not yet…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2025-02-28 Finn Orson Koepke

This paper explores adaptive problem solving with a game designed to support the development of problem-solving skills. Using an adaptive, AI-powered puzzle game, our adaptive problem-solving system dynamically generates pathfinding-based…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-12-09 Matthew McConnell , Richard Zhao

Recent large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated great potential toward intelligent agents and next-gen automation, but there currently lacks a systematic benchmark for evaluating LLMs' abilities as agents. We introduce SmartPlay: both…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-19 Yue Wu , Xuan Tang , Tom M. Mitchell , Yuanzhi Li
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