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The classical Simonovits' chromatic critical edge theorem shows that for sufficiently large $n$, if $H$ is an edge-color-critical graph with $\chi(H)=p+1\ge 3$, then the Tur\'an graph $T_{n,p}$ is the unique extremal graph with respect to…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-08-19 Bing Wang , Wenwen Chen , Ping Zhang

Ryser's Conjecture states that any $r$-partite $r$-uniform hypergraph has a vertex cover of size at most $r - 1$ times the size of the largest matching. For $r = 2$, the conjecture is simply K\"onig's Theorem and every bipartite graph is a…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2016-06-21 Penny Haxell , Lothar Narins , Tibor Szabó

A theorem by Ding, Oporowski, Oxley, and Vertigan states that every sufficiently large bipartite graph without twins contains a matching, co-matching, or half-graph of any given size as an induced subgraph. We prove that this Ramsey…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-11-25 Tomáš Hons

By using the Szemer\'edi Regularity Lemma, Alon and Sudakov recently extended the classical Andr\'asfai-Erd\~os-S\'os theorem to cover general graphs. We prove, without using the Regularity Lemma, that the following stronger statement is…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2011-02-17 Peter Allen

Given a graph $H$, we say that a graph $G$ is $H$-saturated if $G$ contains no copy of $H$ but adding any new edge to $G$ creates a copy of $H$. Let $sat(n,K_r,t)$ be the minimum number of edges in a $K_r$-saturated graph on $n$ vertices…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-02-28 Asier Calbet

Consider a graph $G$ on $n$ vertices with $\alpha \binom{n}{2}$ edges which does not contain an induced $K_{2, t}$ ($t \geqslant 2$). How large does $\alpha$ have to be to ensure that $G$ contains, say, a large clique or some fixed subgraph…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-02-03 Freddie Illingworth

Given a family $\mathcal{F}$ of bipartite graphs, the {\it Zarankiewicz number} $z(m,n,\mathcal{F})$ is the maximum number of edges in an $m$ by $n$ bipartite graph $G$ that does not contain any member of $\mathcal{F}$ as a subgraph (such…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-01-11 Tao Jiang , Sean Longbrake , Jie Ma

Given a graph $F$, the random Tur\'an problem asks to determine the maximum number of edges in an $F$-free subgraph of $G_{n,p}$. Prior to this work, the only bipartite graphs $F$ with known tight bounds included certain classes of complete…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-04-03 Sean Longbrake , Sam Spiro

Galvin showed that for all fixed $\delta$ and sufficiently large $n$, the $n$-vertex graph with minimum degree $\delta$ that admits the most independent sets is the complete bipartite graph $K_{\delta,n-\delta}$. He conjectured that except…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2012-04-16 John Engbers , David Galvin

The bipartite-hole-number of a graph $G$, denoted by $\widetilde{\alpha}(G)$, is the minimum number $k$ such that there exist positive integers $s$ and $t$ with $s+t=k+1$ with the property that for any two disjoint sets $A,B\subseteq V(G)$…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-11-21 Kun Cheng , Yurui Tang

The celebrated Corr\'{a}di--Hajnal Theorem~\cite{CH63} and the Hajnal--Szemer\'{e}di Theorem~\cite{HS70} determined the exact minimum degree thresholds for a graph on $n$ vertices to contain $k$ vertex-disjoint copies of $K_r$, for $r=3$…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-01-03 Jianfeng Hou , Caiyun Hu , Xizhi Liu , Yixiao Zhang

Let $K^{(r)}_{s_1,s_2,\cdots,s_r}$ be the complete $r$-partite $r$-uniform hypergraph and $ex(n,K^{(r)}_{s_1,s_2,\cdots,s_r})$ be the maximum number of edges in any $n$-vertex $K^{(r)}_{s_1,s_2,\cdots,s_r}$-free $r$-uniform hypergraph. It…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2017-01-02 Jie Ma , Xiaofan Yuan , Mingwei Zhang

Hajnal and Szemeredi proved that every graph G with |G|=ks and minimum degree at least k(s-1) contains k vertex disjoint s-cliques; moreover this degree bound is optimal. We extend their theorem to directed graphs by showing that every…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2013-07-19 Andrzej Czygrinow , Louis DeBiasio , H. A. Kierstead , Theodore Molla

A sparse version of Mantel's Theorem is that, for sufficiently large $p$, with high probability (w.h.p.), every maximum triangle-free subgraph of $G(n,p)$ is bipartite. DeMarco and Kahn proved this for $p>K \sqrt{\log n/n}$ for some…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2014-11-14 Ran Gu , Xueliang Li , Zhongmei Qin , Yongtang Shi , Kang Yang

The Zarankiewicz problem, a cornerstone problem in extremal graph theory, asks for the maximum number of edges in an $n$-vertex graph that does not contain the complete bipartite graph $K_{s,s}$. While the problem remains widely open in the…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-07-01 Zach Hunter , Aleksa Milojević , Istvan Tomon , Benny Sudakov

Given a graph $H$, the extremal number $\mathrm{ex}(n,H)$ is the largest number of edges in an $H$-free graph on $n$ vertices. We make progress on a number of conjectures about the extremal number of bipartite graphs. First, writing…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-04-28 David Conlon , Oliver Janzer , Joonkyung Lee

One of the central questions in Ramsey theory asks how small can be the size of the largest clique and independent set in a graph on $N$ vertices. By the celebrated result of Erd\H{o}s from 1947, the random graph on $N$ vertices with edge…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-03-18 Benny Sudakov , István Tomon

The Erd\H{o}s--Hajnal Theorem asserts that non-universal graphs, that is, graphs that do not contain an induced copy of some fixed graph $H$, have homogeneous sets of size significantly larger than one can generally expect to find in a…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2018-05-22 Michal Amir , Asaf Shapira , Mykhaylo Tyomkyn

Tur\'{a}n's theorem is a cornerstone of extremal graph theory. It asserts that for any integer $r \geq 2$ every graph on $n$ vertices with more than ${\tfrac{r-2}{2(r-1)}\cdot n^2}$ edges contains a clique of size $r$, i.e., $r$ mutually…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2016-10-25 Christian Reiher

We study the problem of partitioning the edge set of the complete graph into bipartite subgraphs under certain constraints defined by forbidden subgraphs. These constraints lead to both classical problems, such as partitioning into…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-11-26 Lajos Győrffy , András London , Gábor V. Nagy , András Pluhár