Related papers: The isotope effect: Prediction, discussion, and di…
When a nuclear species (e.g., a nucleon or a deuteron nucleus) propagating freely is made to collide with a target nucleus, its trajectory is modified by exchanging variable amounts of energy, mass, linear and angular momentum with the…
The observation of cosmic ray particles with unexpected high energies is pushing astroparticle physics into a period of rapid progress both theoretically and experimentally. Different proposed models for the generation of these particles…
Motivated by a recent experiment [J. Eschner {\it et al.}, Nature {\bf 413}, 495 (2001)], we now present a theoretical study on the fluorescence of an atom in front of a mirror. On the assumption that the presence of the distant mirror and…
The deuteron binding energy extracted from the reaction ${}^1H(n,\gamma){}^2H$ is reviewed with the exact relativistic formula, where the initial kinetic energy and the Doppler effect are taken into account. We find that the negligible…
We derive spontaneous emission rate and line shift for two-level atoms coupled to the radiation field using causal perturbation theory. In this approach, employing the theory of distribution splitting prevents the occurrence of divergent…
First evidence of high-energy astrophysical neutrino observation with the IceCube detector from May 2010 to May 2012 is presented. Selecting for high-energy neutrino events with vertices well contained in the detector volume, the analysis…
The scope of this paper is to discuss the major works that appeared in the period of 1904 to 1913: atomic models proposed by Thomson and Hantaro Nagaoka (1904), Rutherford (1911), and Bohr (1913), and the experimental work that motivated…
Scattering of light by matter has been studied extensively in the past. Yet, the most fundamental process, the scattering of a single photon by a single atom, is largely unexplored [1-3]. One prominent prediction of quantum optics is the…
It is now well established that atomic nuclei composed of certain combinations of protons and neutrons can adopt reflection-asymmetric, or octupole-deformed, shapes at low excitation energy. These nuclei show promise in the search for a…
The influence of isotope differences on ion charge state yield ratios has never been studied in detail, having been considered negligible. However, we have observed anomalous ion charge state distributions in the thermalization of energetic…
Theoretical investigations of the hyperfine structure of the hydrogen molecular ion (one electron and two protons) are discussed. The nuclear spin-rotation interaction has been found to be of the same sign as in the hydrogen molecule and…
While the main features of atomic nuclei are well described by nuclear mean-field models, there is a large and growing body of evidence which indicates an important additional role played by spatially-correlated nucleon-nucleon structures.…
The photoelectric effect, explained by Einstein in 1905, is often regarded as a one-electron phenomenon. However, in multi-electron systems, the interaction of the escaping electron with other electrons, referred to as electron correlation,…
Nuclear-structure effects often provide an irreducible theory error that prevents using precision atomic measurements to test fundamental theory. We apply newly developed effective field theory tools to Hydrogen atoms, and use them to show…
Ultra-high-energy cosmic rays (UHECRs) are atomic nuclei from space with vastly higher energies than any other particles ever observed. Their origin and chemical composition remain a mystery. As we show here, the large- and…
The {\AA}ngstr\"om-sized probe of the scanning transmission electron microscope can visualize and collect spectra from single atoms. This can unambiguously resolve the chemical structure of materials, but not their isotopic composition.…
The explanation of the first-order Stark effect in hydrogen by Epstein and Schwarzschild in 1916 was seen as a great success for the old quantum theory. Yet, it also revealed some serious limitations of the theory. To recover the…
We propose an experimental scheme for performing sensitive, high-precision laser spectroscopy studies on fast exotic isotopes. By inducing a step-wise resonant ionization of the atoms travelling inside an electric field and subsequently…
Symmetry governs nature's law, yet many of the natural phenomena occur due to the breakdown of symmetry. Here, we show how isotope-induced inversion symmetry breaking influences ultrafast photoisomerization processes in ethylene. Using…
We reveal the hydrogen isotope effect of three chemical reactions, i.e, the reflection, the absorption and the penetration ratios, by classical molecular dynamics simulation with a modified Brenner's reactive empirical bond order (REBO)…