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For classical systems driven out of equilibrium, Crooks derived a relation (the Crooks-Jarzynski relation), whose special cases include a relation (the Crooks relation) equivalent to the Kawasaki non-linear response relation. We derive a…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2014-05-26 Hiroshi Matsuoka

We examine the fluctuation theorems which traditionally have been studied for classical systems and enquire if they can be extended to the quantum domain, especially at low temperatures. The example chosen is that of a problem which has…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-06-29 G. S. Agarwal , S. Dattagupta

A quantum-mechanical framework is set up to describe the full counting statistics of particles flowing between reservoirs in an open system under time-dependent driving. A symmetry relation is obtained which is the consequence of…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2013-07-15 David Andrieux , Pierre Gaspard , Takaaki Monnai , Shuichi Tasaki

The fluctuation-dissipation theorem (FDT) is a fundamental result in statistical mechanics. It stipulates that, if perturbed out of equilibrium, a system responds at a rate proportional to a thermal-equilibrium property. Applications range…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-27 Jae Dong Noh , Aleksander Lasek , Jade LeSchack , Nicole Yunger Halpern

We present a non-equilibrium quantum master equation for a driven open quantum system in the presence of a continuously applied electromagnetic field. Starting from a driven Caldeira-Leggett (CL) model in which the external electromagnetic…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-13 M. Gabriela Boada G. , Andrea Delgado , Jose Morales E

We show that an appropriately defined fluctuation-dissipation theorem, connecting generalized susceptibilities and time correlation functions, is valid for times shorter than the nucleation time of the metastable state of Markovian systems…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2009-11-10 G. Baez , H. Larralde , F. Leyvraz , R. A. Mendez-Sanchez

Motivated by proposed thermometry measurement on an open quantum system, we present a simple model of an externally driven qubit interacting with a finite sized, fermion environment acting as calorimeter. The derived dynamics is governed by…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-12-22 Antti Kupiainen , Paolo Muratore-Ginanneschi , Jukka Pekola , Kay Schwieger

Understanding how systems respond to external perturbations is a fundamental challenge in physics, particularly for non-equilibrium and non-stationary processes. The fluctuation-dissipation theorem provides a complete framework for…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2026-05-06 Jiming Zheng , Zhiyue Lu

We refine a fluctuation-dissipation framework for quantum dynamical semigroups to resolve a long-standing ambiguity in Markovian master equations. For finite-dimensional systems, we prove that the underlying diffusion-dissipation structure…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-12-02 Fabricio Toscano , Sergey Sergeev

We consider a driven quantum particle in the strong friction regime described by the quantum Smoluchowski equation. We derive Crooks and Jarzynski type relations for the reduced quantum system by properly generalizing the entropy production…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2011-04-27 Sebastian Deffner , Michael Brunner , Eric Lutz

The Lindblad master equation is a foundational tool for modeling the dynamics of open quantum systems. As its use has extended far beyond its original domain, the boundaries of its validity have grown opaque. In particular, the rise of new…

We derive the fluctuation theorem for quantum-state statistics that can be obtained when we initially measure the total energy of a quantum system at thermal equilibrium, let the system evolve unitarily, and record the quantum-state data…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2018-08-01 Naoto Tsuji , Masahito Ueda

In the attempt to derive the regression theorem from the fluctuation dissipation theorem several authors claim the violation of the former theorem in the quantum case. Here we pose the question: does it exists a quantum fluctuation…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2009-11-07 P. Shiktorov , E. Starikov , V. Gruzinskis , L. Reggiani

For open systems derived from quadratic total Hamiltonians, we derive a dynamic fluctuation-dissipation (FD) inequality valid for any total initial state and without regard to the sign of the dissipation. With the added constraint that this…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-09-24 Allan Tameshtit

The generating functional is derived for the fluctuation-dissipation relations which result from the unitarity and reversibility of microscopic dynamics and connect various statistical characteristics of many consecutive (continuous)…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2007-05-23 Yuriy E. Kuzovlev

We derive spectral fluctuation--dissipation--response inequalities for finite-state Markov jump processes. By comparing the causal susceptibility to its passive equilibrium reference, we establish frequency-resolved and frequency-integrated…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2026-04-23 Jie Gu

For most stochastic dynamical systems, variables which are tightly regulated tend to respond slowly to external changes. This idea is often discussed for applicable systems, within a linear response regime, through the Fluctuation…

General Physics · Physics 2017-11-15 Nash Rochman , Sean X. Sun

In the framework of the Lindblad theory for open quantum systems, we derive closed analytical expressions of the Heisenberg and Schr\"odinger generalized uncertainty functions for a particle moving in a harmonic oscillator potential. The…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-13 A. Isar , W. Scheid

We study two classes of open systems: discrete-time quantum walks (a type of Floquet-engineered discrete quantum map) and the Lindblad master equation (a general framework of dissipative quantum systems), focusing on the non-equilibrium…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2022-10-28 Ihor Vakulchyk

We derive a generalized quantum Langevin equation and its fluctuation-dissipation relation describing the quantum dynamics of a tagged particle interacting with a medium (environment), where both the particle and the environment are driven…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-07-11 Daniele Gamba , Bingyu Cui , Alessio Zaccone