Related papers: Quantization of a string with attached mass
A recently proposed connection between closed string field and an open Wilson line defined on an arbitrary contour is further explored here. We suggest that reparametrization invariance of a Wilson line is the principle which determines the…
In the present paper we consider quantum theories obtained by quantization of classical theories with first-class constraints assuming that these constraints form a Lie algebra. We show that in this case, one can construct physical…
Entanglement is perhaps the most important new feature of the quantum world. It is expressed in quantum theory by the joint measurement formula. We prove the formula for self-adjoint observables from a plausible assumption, which for…
Deformation quantization is applied to quantize gravitational systems coupled with matter. This quantization procedure is performed explicitly for quantum cosmology of these systems in a flat minisuper(phase)space. The procedure is employed…
In the Yang-Mills theory, the apparent thickness of the confining string is known to grow logarithmically when its length increases. The same logarithmic broadening also happens to strings in other quantum field theories and domain walls in…
Amidst all candidates of physics beyond the Standard Model, string theory provides a unique proposal for incorporating gauge and gravitational interactions. In string theory, a four-dimensional theory that unifies quantum mechanics and…
The dominant method for defining multivariate operator means is to express them as fix-points under a contraction with respect to the Thompson metric. Although this method is powerful, it crucially depends on monotonicity. We are developing…
Quantization of 4-dimensional Nambu-Goto theory of open string in light cone gauge, related in Lorentz-invariant way with the world sheet, is performed. Obtained quantum theory has no anomalies in Lorentz group. Determined spin-mass spectra…
Low-harmonic formulas for closed relativistic strings are given. General parametrizations are presented for the addition of second- and third-harmonic waves to the fundamental wave. The method of determination of the parametrizations is…
For a single degree of freedom confined mechanical system with given energy, we know that the motion is always periodic and action-angle variables are convenient choice as conjugate phase-space variables. We construct action-angle coherent…
The elastic string (rod) of a large mass M is considered, the left end of which is fixed to a body of a small mass m. The second body of mass m is fixed to the right end of the string. The force of the delta-function form is applied to the…
The covariant canonical method of quantization based on the De Donder-Weyl covariant canonical formalism is used to formulate a world-sheet covariant quantization of bosonic strings. To provide the consistency with the standard…
New measures for the quantization of systems with constraints are discussed and applied to several examples, in particular, examples of alternative but equivalent formulations of given first-class constraints, as well as a comparison of…
We sketch the main steps of old covariant quantization of bosonic open strings in a constant $B$ field background. We comment on its space-time symmetries and the induced effective metric. The low-energy spectrum is evaluated and the…
General formulas of the two-electron operator representing either atomic or effective interactions are given in a coupled tensorial form in relativistic approximation. The alternatives of using uncoupled, coupled and antisymmetric…
We introduce string-bond states, a class of states obtained by placing strings of operators on a lattice, which encompasses the relevant states in Quantum Information. For string-bond states, expectation values of local observables can be…
The geometric quantization problem is considered from the point of view of the Davies and Lewis approach to quantum mechanics. The influence of the measuring device is accounted in the classical and quantum case and it is shown that the…
It is proposed a possible new approach of quantum measurements (QMS), disconnected of the traditional interpretation of uncertainty relations and independent of any appeal to the strange idea of collapse (reduction) of wave functions. The…
Here we propose an experimental set-up in which it is possible to measure the entanglement of a two-mode Gaussian state, be it pure or mixed, using only simple linear optical devices. After a proper unitary manipulation of the two-mode…
Non-relativistic charged open strings coupled with Abelian gauge fields are quantized in a geometric representation that generalizes the Loop Representation. The model consists of open-strings interacting through a Kalb-Ramond field in four…