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Some finite series of harmonic numbers involving certain reciprocals are evaluated. Products of such reciprocals are expanded in a sum of the individual reciprocals, leading to a computer program. A list of examples is provided.

Number Theory · Mathematics 2012-03-08 Maarten Kronenburg

Two losing games, when alternated in a periodic or random fashion, can produce a winning game. This paradox occurs in a family of stochastic processes: if one combines two or more dynamics where a given quantity decreases, the result can be…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2007-05-23 J. M. R. Parrondo , B. J. de Cisneros

Simple stochastic games are turn-based 2.5-player zero-sum graph games with a reachability objective. The problem is to compute the winning probability as well as the optimal strategies of both players. In this paper, we compare the three…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2020-09-24 Jan Křetínský , Emanuel Ramneantu , Alexander Slivinskiy , Maximilian Weininger

We consider two-player zero-sum games on graphs. These games can be classified on the basis of the information of the players and on the mode of interaction between them. On the basis of information the classification is as follows: (a)…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2015-05-19 Krishnendu Chatterjee , Laurent Doyen , Hugo Gimbert , Thomas A. Henzinger

This article studies the dynamics of a finite chain with infinite components. The equation which permits us to find the probability distribution of the chain length is constructed and analysed. This research is a continuation of paper…

Probability · Mathematics 2012-07-19 Elena V. Karachanskaya

A combinatorial game is a two-player game without hidden information or chance elements. The main object of combinatorial game theory is to obtain the outcome, which player has a winning strategy, of a given combinatorial game. Positions of…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-11-27 Kengo Hashimoto

This article introduces differential hybrid games, which combine differential games with hybrid games. In both kinds of games, two players interact with continuous dynamics. The difference is that hybrid games also provide all the features…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2017-08-17 André Platzer

In this expository paper we describe four primality tests. The first test is very efficient, but is only capable of proving that a given number is either composite or 'very probably' prime. The second test is a deterministic polynomial time…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2008-01-25 Rene Schoof

The game subset take-away begins with a simplicial complex \Delta. Two players take turns removing any element of \Delta as well as all other elements which contain it, and the last player able to move wins. Graph Chomp is a special case of…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2015-03-17 Tirasan Khandhawit , Lynnelle Ye

A periodic behavior is a well observed phenomena in biological and economical systems. We show that evolutionary games on graphs with imitation dynamics can display periodic behavior for an arbitrary choice of game theoretical parameters…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2018-05-11 Jeremias Epperlein , Vladimír Švígler

We introduce the game of Cops and Eternal Robbers played on graphs, where there are infinitely many robbers that appear sequentially over distinct plays of the game. A positive integer $t$ is fixed, and the cops are required to capture the…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2020-03-11 Anthony Bonato , Melissa Huggan , Trent Marbach , Fionn Mc Inerney

We introduce a two-player game, in which each player extends a given sequence by picking a free element in a domain D of the real line. The aim of the players is to control the parity of the number of transpositions necessary to put the…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2009-04-06 Elise Janvresse , Steve Kalikow , Thierry De La Rue

Consider concurrent, infinite duration, two-player win/lose games played on graphs. If the winning condition satisfies some simple requirement, the existence of Player 1 winning (finite-memory) strategies is equivalent to the existence of…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2018-05-01 Stephane Le Roux

Consider a situation with $n$ agents or players where some of the players form a coalition with a certain collective objective. Simple games are used to model systems that can decide whether coalitions are successful (winning) or not…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2016-09-19 Martin Olsen

Consider a two-player game repeated N times. Player 1 can choose between two styles (for interpretability, offensive and defensive), whereas Player 2 uses a single fixed style. Let X N\,:= \#wins -\#losses for Player 1 after N games, and…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2026-04-20 Jonatha ANSELMI , Bruno Gaujal

We investigate a two-player zero-sum differential game with asymmetric information on the payoff and without Isaacs condition. The dynamics is an ordinary differential equation parametrised by two controls chosen by the players. Each player…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2015-07-30 Rainer Buckdahn , Marc Quincampoix , Catherine Rainer , Yuhong Xu

We define the class of "simple recursive games". A simple recursive game is defined as a simple stochastic game (a notion due to Anne Condon), except that we allow arbitrary real payoffs but disallow moves of chance. We study the complexity…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2007-11-08 Daniel Andersson , Kristoffer Arnsfelt Hansen , Peter Bro Miltersen , Troels Bjerre Sorensen

Define the following order among all natural numbers except for 2 and 1: \[ 4\gg 6\gg 3\gg \dots \gg 4n\gg 4n+2\gg 2n+1\gg 4n+4\gg\dots \] Let $f$ be a continuous interval map. We show that if $m\gg s$ and $f$ has a cycle with no division…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2022-01-28 Alexander Blokh , Michał Misiurewicz

In robot games on Z, two players add integers to a counter. Each player has a finite set from which he picks the integer to add, and the objective of the first player is to let the counter reach 0. We present an exponential-time algorithm…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2013-08-05 Arjun Arul , Julien Reichert

We consider a zero-sum stochastic game for continuous-time Markov chain with countable state space and unbounded transition and pay-off rates. The additional feature of the game is that the controllers together with taking actions are also…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2020-09-01 Chandan Pal , Subhamay Saha