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We initiate the study of a new variant of the Maker-Breaker positional game, which we call multistage game. Given a hypergraph $\mathcal{H}=(\mathcal{X},\mathcal{F})$ and a bias $b \ge 1$, the $(1:b)$ multistage Maker-Breaker game on…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-04-25 Juri Barkey , Dennis Clemens , Fabian Hamann , Mirjana Mikalački , Amedeo Sgueglia

We study Maker-Breaker games played on the edge set of a random graph. Specifically, we consider the random graph process and analyze the first time in a typical random graph process that Maker starts having a winning strategy for his final…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2014-01-07 Sonny Ben-Shimon , Asaf Ferber , Dan Hefetz , Michael Krivelevich

Let $r \ge 4$ be an integer and consider the following game on the complete graph $K_n$ for $n \in r \mathbb{Z}$: Two players, Maker and Breaker, alternately claim previously unclaimed edges of $K_n$ such that in each turn Maker claims one…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-02-10 Anita Liebenau , Rajko Nenadov

In this paper we consider positional games where the winning sets are tree universal graphs. Specifically, we show that in the unbiased Maker-Breaker game on the complete graph $K_n$, Maker has a strategy to occupy a graph which contains…

In a biased weak $(a,b)$ polyform achievement game, the maker and the breaker alternately mark $a,b$ previously unmarked cells on an infinite board, respectively. The maker's goal is to mark a set of cells congruent to a polyform. The…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2011-07-12 Ian Norris , Nandor Sieben

We introduce the Maker-Breaker domination game, a two player game on a graph. At his turn, the first player, Dominator, select a vertex in order to dominate the graph while the other player, Staller, forbids a vertex to Dominator in order…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2018-09-19 Eric Duchêne , Valentin Gledel , Aline Parreau , Gabriel Renault

We investigate a game played between two players, Maker and Breaker, on a countably infinite complete graph where the vertices are the rational numbers. The players alternately claim unclaimed edges. It is Maker's goal to have after…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-12-23 Nathan Bowler , Florian Gut

The classical Maker-Breaker positional game is played on a board which is a hypergraph $\mathcal{H}$, with two players, Maker and Breaker, alternately claiming vertices of $\mathcal{H}$ until all the vertices are claimed. When the game…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2026-01-15 Guillaume Bagan , Quentin Deschamps , Florian Galliot , Mirjana Mikalački , Nacim Oijid

We study Maker--Breaker total domination game played by two players, Dominator and Staller, on the connected cubic graphs. Staller (playing the role of Maker) wins if she manages to claim an open neighbourhood of a vertex. Dominator wins…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-06-22 Jovana Forcan , Mirjana Mikalački

We present constructions regarding the general behaviour of biased positional games, and amongst others show that the outcome of such a game can differ in an arbitrary way depending on which player starts the game, and that fair biased…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-09-08 Ali Deniz Bagdas , Dennis Clemens , Fabian Hamann , Yannick Mogge

Maker-Breaker subgraph games are among the most famous combinatorial games. For given $n,q \in \mathbb{N}$ and a subgraph $C$ of the complete graph $K_n$, the two players, called Maker and Breaker, alternately claim edges of $K_n$. In each…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-06-27 Matthias Sowa , Anand Srivastav

Let $(X, \mathcal{F})$ be a hypergraph. The Maker-Breaker game on $(X, \mathcal{F})$ is a combinatorial game between two players, Maker and Breaker. Beginning with Maker, the players take turns claiming vertices from $X$ that have not yet…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2025-02-28 Finn Orson Koepke

We study the (1:b) Maker-Breaker component game, played on the edge set of a d-regular graph. Maker's aim in this game is to build a large connected component, while Breaker's aim is to not let him do so. For all values of Breaker's bias b,…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2013-01-03 Rani Hod , Alon Naor

In the Oriented-cycle game, introduced by Bollob\'as and Szab\'o, two players, called OMaker and OBreaker, alternately direct edges of $K_n$. OMaker directs exactly one edge, whereas OBreaker is allowed to direct between one and $b$ edges.…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2016-05-19 Dennis Clemens , Anita Liebenau

We study the $(a:b)$ Maker-Breaker subgraph game played on the edges of the complete graph $K_n$ on $n$ vertices, $n,a,b \in \mathbb{N}$ where the goal of Maker is to build a copy of a specific fixed subgraph $H$. In our work this is a…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-06-18 Adnane Fouadi , Mourad El Ouali , Anand Srivastav

We study two positional games played on hypergraphs, whose edges may be interpreted as winning sets. Two players take turns picking a previously unpicked vertex of the hypergraph. We say a player fills an edge if that player has picked all…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Florian Galliot

For a graph G, a monotone increasing graph property P and positive integer q, we define the Client-Waiter game to be a two-player game which runs as follows. In each turn Waiter is offering Client a subset of at least one and at most q+1…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2016-03-18 Oren Dean , Michael Krivelevich

In this paper we consider biased Maker-Breaker games played on the edge set of a given graph $G$. We prove that for every $\delta>0$ and large enough $n$, there exists a constant $k$ for which if $\delta(G)\geq \delta n$ and $\chi(G)\geq…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2013-04-12 Asaf Ferber , Roman Glebov , Michael Krivelevich , Hong Liu , Cory Palmer , Tomas Valla , Mate Vizer

Since its introduction as a Maker-Breaker positional game by Duch\^ene et al. in 2020, the Maker-Breaker domination game has become one of the most studied positional games on vertices. In this game, two players, Dominator and Staller,…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-01-14 Guillaume Bagan , Mathieu Hilaire , Nacim Oijid , Aline Parreau

We study the algorithmic complexity of Maker-Breaker games played on the edge sets of general graphs. We mainly consider the perfect matching game and the $H$-game. Maker wins if she claims the edges of a perfect matching in the first, and…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2024-11-18 Eric Duchêne , Valentin Gledel , Fionn Mc Inerney , Nicolas Nisse , Nacim Oijid , Aline Parreau , Miloš Stojaković