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We study rational functions $f$ of degree $d+1$ such that $f$ is univalent in the exterior unit disc, and the image of the unit circle under $f$ has the maximal number of cusps ($d+1$) and double points $(d-2)$. We introduce a bi-angled…

Complex Variables · Mathematics 2021-06-14 Kirill Lazebnik , Nikolai G. Makarov , Sabyasachi Mukherjee

We consider planar rooted random trees whose distribution is even for fixed height $h$ and size $N$ and whose height dependence is of exponential form $e^{-\mu h}$. Defining the total weight for such trees of fixed size to be $Z^{(\mu)}_N$,…

Probability · Mathematics 2023-04-05 Bergfinnur Durhuus , Meltem Ünel

We systematically develop the multivariable counterpart of the theory of weighted shifts on rooted directed trees. Capitalizing on the theory of product of directed graphs, we introduce and study the notion of multishifts on directed…

Functional Analysis · Mathematics 2016-09-13 Sameer Chavan , Deepak Kumar Pradhan , Shailesh Trivedi

Dynamic trees are mixtures of tree structured belief networks. They solve some of the problems of fixed tree networks at the cost of making exact inference intractable. For this reason approximate methods such as sampling or mean field…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2013-01-18 Amos J. Storkey

Hadwiger's conjecture asserts that any graph contains a clique minor with order no less than the chromatic number of the graph. We prove that this well-known conjecture is true for all graphs if and only if it is true for squares of split…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-10-03 L. Sunil Chandran , Davis Issac , Sanming Zhou

We consider problems in which we are given a rooted tree as input, and must find a subtree with the same root, optimizing some objective function of the nodes in the subtree. When this function is the sum of constant node weights, the…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2007-05-23 Josiah Carlson , David Eppstein

This paper studies the "explanation problem" for tree- and linearly-ordered array data, a problem motivated by database applications and recently solved for the one-dimensional tree-ordered case. In this paper, one is given a matrix A whose…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2011-01-11 Howard Karloff , Flip Korn , Konstantin Makarychev , Yuval Rabani

We initiate the study of the forward and backward shifts on the Lipschitz space of a tree, $\mathcal L$, and on the little Lipshitz space of a tree, ${\mathcal L}_0$. We determine that the forward shift is bounded both on $\mathcal L$ and…

Functional Analysis · Mathematics 2020-01-29 Emmanuel Rivera-Guasco , Rubén A. Martínez-Avendaño

This paper is devoted to the study of propagation phenomena for $2$--hyponormal, quadratically hyponormal, and cubically hyponormal operator-valued weighted shifts. \ First, we show that every {\it quadratically} hyponormal matrix-valued…

Functional Analysis · Mathematics 2026-05-12 Raul E. Curto , Abderrazzak Ech-charyfy , Hamza El Azhar , El Hassan Zerouali

We survey the current state of progress on the Graceful Tree Conjecture, and then we present several new results toward the conjecture, driven by three new ideas: (1) It has been proven that generalized banana trees are graceful by…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2014-03-07 Matthew C. Superdock

We prove that every oriented tree on $n$ vertices with bounded maximum degree appears as a spanning subdigraph of every directed graph on $n$ vertices with minimum semidegree at least $n/2+o(n)$. This can be seen as a directed graph…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-05-20 Richard Mycroft , Tássio Naia

In this paper we provide some exact formulas for projective dimension and the regularity of powers of edge ideals of vertex-weighted rooted forests. These formulas are functions of the weight of the vertices and the number of edges. We also…

Commutative Algebra · Mathematics 2019-04-08 Li Xu , Guangjun Zhu , Hong Wang , Jiaqi Zhang

Let $\mathcal{B}$ be the set of rooted trees containing an infinite binary subtree starting at the root. This set satisfies the metaproperty that a tree belongs to it if and only if its root has children $u$ and $v$ such that the subtrees…

Probability · Mathematics 2020-06-11 Tobias Johnson , Moumanti Podder , Fiona Skerman

In this paper we investigate hereditarily normal topological groups and their subspaces. We prove that every compact subspace of a hereditarily normal topological group is metrizable. To prove this statement we first show that a…

General Topology · Mathematics 2012-09-11 Raushan Buzyakova

We study jointly quasinormal and spherically quasinormal pairs of commuting operators on Hilbert space, as well as their powers. We first prove that, up to a constant multiple, the only jointly quasinormal $2$-variable weighted shift is the…

Functional Analysis · Mathematics 2019-10-22 Raul E. Curto , Sang Hoon Lee , Jasang Yoon

This paper, dating from May 1991, contains preliminary (and unpublishable) notes on investigations about iteration trees. They will be of interest only to the specialist. In the first two sections I define notions of support and embeddings…

Logic · Mathematics 2016-09-06 William Mitchell

We consider a Gibbs distribution over all spanning trees of an undirected, edge weighted finite graph, where, up to normalization, the probability of each tree is given by the product of its edge weights. Defining the weighted degree of a…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2024-10-18 Enrique Fita Sanmartín , Christoph Schnörr , Fred A. Hamprecht

We classify weakly connected spanning closed (WCSC) subgraphs of $\overrightarrow{C_n^2}$, the square of a directed $n$-vertex cycle. Then we show that every spanning tree of $\overrightarrow{C_n^2}$ is contained in a unique nontrivial WCSC…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-01-21 Yuuho Tanaka

We consider three different schemes for signal routing on a tree. The vertices of the tree represent transceivers that can transmit and receive signals, and are equipped with i.i.d. weights representing the strength of the transceivers. The…

Probability · Mathematics 2014-07-14 Maria Deijfen , Nina Gantert

Rotation distance between trees measures the number of simple operations it takes to transform one tree into another. There are no known polynomial-time algorithms for computing rotation distance. In the case of ordered rooted trees, we…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2018-03-19 Sean Cleary , Katherine St. John