English
Related papers

Related papers: Zero Forcing Sets and Bipartite Circulants

200 papers

Connections between vital linkages and zero forcing are established. Specifically, the notion of a rigid linkage is introduced as a special kind of unique linkage and it is shown that spanning forcing paths of a zero forcing process form a…

Computing the permanent of a $(0,1)$-matrix is a well-known $\#P$-complete problem. In this paper, we present an expression for the permanent of a bipartite graph in terms of the determinant of the graph and its subgraphs, obtained by…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2025-05-19 Surabhi Chakrabartty , Ranveer Singh

The concept of graph powers has been extensively studied in graph theory. Analogous to graph powers, Chandran et al. [3] introduced the notion of bipartite powers for bipartite graphs. In this paper, we show that the class of interval…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-09-29 Indrajit Paul , Ashok Kumar Das

A graph in which all minimal zero forcing sets are in fact minimum size is called ``well-forced." This paper characterizes well-forced trees and presents an algorithm for determining which trees are well-forced. Additionally, we…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-12-25 Cheryl Grood , Ruth Haas , Bonnie Jacob , Erika King , Shahla Nasserasr

Given a graph $G$ and a real number $0\le p\le 1$, we define the random set $B_p(G)\subset V(G)$ by including each vertex independently and with probability $p$. We investigate the probability that the random set $B_p(G)$ is a zero forcing…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-08-30 Bryan Curtis , Luyining Gan , Jamie Haddock , Rachel Lawrence , Sam Spiro

Zero forcing is a propagation process on a graph, or digraph, defined in linear algebra to provide a bound for the minimum rank problem. Independently, zero forcing was introduced in physics, computer science and network science, areas…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-03-28 Daniela Ferrero , Thomas Kalinowski , Sudeep Stephen

We enumerate weighted graphs with a certain upper bound condition. We also compute the generating function of the numbers of these graphs, and prove that it is a rational function. In particular, we show that if the given graph is a…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Miklós Bóna , Hyeong-Kwan Ju , Ruriko Yoshida

In this paper, we study minimal (with respect to inclusion) zero forcing sets. We first investigate when a graph can have polynomially or exponentially many distinct minimal zero forcing sets. We also study the maximum size of a minimal…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-04-18 Boris Brimkov , Joshua Carlson

Twisted hypercubes are graphs that generalize the structure of the hypercube by relaxing the symmetry constraint while maintaining degree-regularity and connectivity. We study the zero forcing number of twisted hypercubes. Zero forcing is a…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-05-06 Peter Collier , Jeannette Janssen

Let $G$ be a simple and finite graph without isolated vertices. In this paper we study forcing sets (zero forcing sets) which induce a subgraph of $G$ without isolated vertices. Such a set is called a total forcing set, introduced and first…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2017-02-28 Randy Davila , Michael A. Henning

This paper introduces a new graph construction, the permutational power of a graph, whose adjacency matrix is obtained by the composition of a permutation matrix with the adjacency matrix of the graph. It is shown that this construction…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-10-29 Matteo Cavaleri , Daniele D'Angeli , Alfredo Donno

Sidorenko's conjecture states that the number of copies of any given bipartite graph in another graph of given density is asymptotically minimized by a random graph. The forcing conjecture further strengthens this, claiming that any…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-12-18 Aldo Kiem , Olaf Parczyk , Christoph Spiegel

Let G be a simple balanced bipartite graph on $2n$ vertices, $\delta = \delta(G)/n$, and $\rho={\delta + \sqrt{2 \delta -1} \over 2}$. If $\delta > 1/2$ then it has a $\lfloor \rho n \rfloor$-regular spanning subgraph. The statement is…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2007-10-13 Béla Csaba

Call a graph $G$ zero-forcing for a finite abelian group $\mathcal{G}$ if for every $\ell : V(G) \to \mathcal{G}$ there is a connected $A \subseteq V(G)$ with $\sum_{a \in A} \ell(a) = 0$. The problem we pose here is to characterise the…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2016-10-17 Daniel Weißauer

This paper proposes an efficient method to construct the bipartite graph with as many edges as possible while without introducing the shortest cycles of length equal to 4. The binary matrix associated with the bipartite graph described…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2014-04-22 Weizhi Lu , Kidiyo Kpalma , Joseph Ronsin

We introduce a new notation for representing labeled regular bipartite graphs of arbitrary degree. Several enumeration problems for labeled and unlabeled regular bipartite graphs have been introduced. A general algorithm for enumerating all…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2015-12-31 Vivek S. Nittoor

An $r$-fold analogue of the positive semidefinite zero forcing process that is carried out on the $r$-blowup of a graph is introduced and used to define the fractional positive semidefinite forcing number. Properties of the graph blowup…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2016-08-23 Leslie Hogben , Kevin F. Palmowski , David E. Roberson , Michael Young

Given a graph $G$, one may ask: "What sets of eigenvalues are possible over all weighted adjacency matrices of $G$?" (The weight of an edge is positive or negative, while the diagonal entries can be any real numbers.) This is known as the…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-04-14 Franklin H. j. Kenter , Jephian C. -H. Lin

Zero forcing is a combinatorial game played on a graph with the ultimate goal of changing the colour of all the vertices at minimal cost. Originally this game was conceived as a one player game, but later a two-player version was devised…

In this note, we study a dynamic vertex coloring for a graph $G$. In particular, one starts with a certain set of vertices black, and all other vertices white. Then, at each time step, a black vertex with exactly one white neighbor forces…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2018-11-02 Randy Davila , Thomas Kalinowski , Sudeep Stephen