English

A lower bound on the zero forcing number

Combinatorics 2018-11-02 v4 Discrete Mathematics

Abstract

In this note, we study a dynamic vertex coloring for a graph GG. In particular, one starts with a certain set of vertices black, and all other vertices white. Then, at each time step, a black vertex with exactly one white neighbor forces its white neighbor to become black. The initial set of black vertices is called a \emph{zero forcing set} if by iterating this process, all of the vertices in GG become black. The \emph{zero forcing number} of GG is the minimum cardinality of a zero forcing set in GG, and is denoted by Z(G)Z(G). Davila and Kenter have conjectured in 2015 that Z(G)(g3)(δ2)+δZ(G)\geq (g-3)(\delta-2)+\delta where gg and δ\delta denote the girth and the minimum degree of GG, respectively. This conjecture has been proven for graphs with girth g10g \leq 10. In this note, we present a proof for g5g \geq 5, δ2\delta \geq 2, thereby settling the conjecture.

Keywords

Cite

@article{arxiv.1611.06557,
  title  = {A lower bound on the zero forcing number},
  author = {Randy Davila and Thomas Kalinowski and Sudeep Stephen},
  journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:1611.06557},
  year   = {2018}
}
R2 v1 2026-06-22T16:58:30.710Z