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We developed an impedance bridge that operates at cryogenic temperatures (down to 60 mK) and in perpendicular magnetic fields up to at least 12 T. This is achieved by mounting a GaAs HEMT amplifier perpendicular to a printed circuit board…

We describe the design principles, fabrication, and characterization of a precision AC resonant capacitance bridge (RCB) sensor, based on a resonant differential planar printed circuit board transformer with a solid (ungapped) MnZn ferrite…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2023-10-13 S. Saraf , S. Buchman , C. Y. Lui , S. Wang , J. Lipa

Precision AC resonant capacitance bridges, with a planar printed circuit board transformer using an ungapped MnZn ferrite core, have shown excellent noise performance in high-precision measurements. As many applications use an ensemble of…

Space Physics · Physics 2025-01-03 S. Saraf , S. Buchman , C. Y. Lui , S. Wang , J. Lipa

We present proof-of-operation for a new method of electron thermometry using microwave impedance of a hafnium micro-absorber. The new method leads to an ultimate THz-range detector suitable for microwave readout and frequency division…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2019-11-27 A. V. Merenkov , V. I. Chichkov , A. B. Ermakov , A. V. Ustinov , S. V. Shitov

We demonstrate a radio-frequency parametric amplifier that exploits the gate-tunable quantum capacitance of an ultra high mobility two dimensional electron gas (2DEG) in a GaAs heterostructure at cryogenic temperatures. The prototype…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2023-04-27 A. El Kass , C. T. Jin , J. D. Watson , G. C. Gardner , S. Fallahi , M. J. Manfra , D. J. Reilly

We show that a cryogenic amplifier composed of a homemade GaAs high-electron-mobility transistor (HEMT) is suitable for current-noise measurements in a mesoscopic device at dilution-refrigerator temperatures. The lower noise characteristics…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2021-02-25 Sanghyun Lee , Masayuki Hashisaka , Takafumi Akiho , Kensuke Kobayashi , Koji Muraki

GaN-based HEMTs have the potential to be widely used in high-power and high-frequency electronics while their maximum output powers are limited by high channel temperature induced by near-junction Joule-heating, which degrades device…

Quantum hardware based on circuit quantum electrodynamics makes extensive use of airbridges to suppress unwanted modes of wave propagation in coplanar-waveguide transmission lines. Airbridges also provide an interconnect enabling…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-03-19 T. Stavenga , L. DiCarlo

Coaxial 2-terminal bridge comparison is a widely used metrological method in the dissemination of value of capacitance up to 1000 pF and $10^4$ rad/s. In this range, capacitance can be measured with uncertainties as small as few parts in…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2024-07-03 F. A. Silveira

We report the realization of a bonded-bridge on-chip superconducting coil and its use in impedance-matching a highly ohmic quantum dot (QD) to a $\rm{3~GHz}$ measurement setup. The coil, modeled as a lumped-element $LC$ resonator, is more…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-01-03 M. -C. Harabula , T. Hasler , G. Fülöp , M. Jung , V. Ranjan , C. Schönenberger

Quantum interferometers offer phase measurement capabilities that surpass the standard quantum limit (SQL), with phase sensitivity and quantum enhancement factor serving as key performance metrics. However, practical implementations face…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-01-27 Jie Zhao , Zeliang Wu , Haoran Liu , Yueya Liu , Xin Chen , Xinyun Liang , Wenfeng Huang , Chun-Hua Yuan , L. Q. Chen

Experiments performed at a temperature of a few millikelvin require effective thermalization schemes, low-pass filtering of the measurement lines and low-noise electronics. Here, we report on the modifications to a commercial dilution…

Atomic-resolution imaging on molten metal/solid interfaces at temperatures above 200 {\deg}C was achieved using a high-temperature, high-speed atomic force microscope (AFM) equipped with a qPlus sensor. A tip-scanning high-speed Quadpod…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2026-04-08 Yuto Nishiwaki , Toru Utsunomiya , Takashi Ichii

The stability and non-linearity of a commercial AH 2700A capacitance bridge were studied beyond its specified capabilities using the Thompson-Lampard Calculable Capacitor (TLCC) at LNE. The TLCC allows for continuous variation of measured…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2024-09-09 Almazbek Imanaliev , Olivier Thévenot , Kamel Dougdag , François Piquemal

Capacitance-voltage ($\textit{C-V}$) traces in n-type-(Bi$_{1-x}$Sb$_x$)$_2$Te$_3$/oxide/metal capacitor structures using an AC capacitance bridge are investigated. By tuning the top gate voltage from positive to negative values, the system…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2019-07-30 Jimin Wang , Markus Schitko , Gregor Mussler , Detlev Grützmacher , Dieter Weiss

Superconducting microwave amplifiers are essential for sensitive signal readout in superconducting quantum processors. Typically based on Josephson Junctions, these amplifiers require operation at milli-Kelvin temperatures to achieve…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-08-07 Mingrui Xu , Yufeng Wu , Wei Dai , Hong X. Tang

We have built and demonstrated a digital four-arm bridge for the comparison of resistance with capacitance. The digital four-arm bridge mimics the classical quad bridge in the digital domain with three balances: the source balance, the…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2024-08-26 Yicheng Wang , Stephan Schlamminger

A novel room temperature capacitance-to-phase transducer is described, which uses a modified All-Pass filter architecture combined with a simple series resonant tank circuit with a moderate Q-factor. It is fashioned from a discrete inductor…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2023-12-29 Frank J. van Kann , Alexey V. Veryaskin

Fault-tolerant spin-based quantum computers will require fast and accurate qubit readout. This can be achieved using radio-frequency reflectometry given sufficient sensitivity to the change in quantum capacitance associated with the qubit…

Electrostatic confinement in semiconductors provides a flexible platform for the emulation of interacting electrons in a two-dimensional lattice, including in the presence of gauge fields. This combination offers the potential to realize a…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2019-06-04 T. Hensgens , U. Mukhopadhyay , P. Barthelemy , S. Fallahi , G. C. Gardner , C. Reichl , W. Wegscheider , M. J. Manfra , L. M. K. Vandersypen
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