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Let $r \ge 3$ be fixed and $G$ be an $n$-vertex graph. A long-standing conjecture of Gy\H{o}ri states that if $e(G) = t_{r-1}(n) + k$, where $t_{r-1}(n)$ denotes the number of edges of the Tur\'{a}n graph on $n$ vertices and $r - 1$ parts,…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-09-16 József Balogh , Michael C. Wigal

We prove a Riemann-Roch theorem for real divisors on edge-weighted graphs over the reals, extending the result of Baker and Norine for integral divisors on graphs with multiple edges.

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2017-11-13 Rodney James , Rick Miranda

We present a version of the matrix-tree theorem, which relates the determinant of a matrix to sums of weights of arborescences of its directed graph representation. Our treatment allows for non-zero column sums in the parent matrix by…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-03-12 Sayani Ghosh , Bradley S. Meyer

Given an edge-weighted tree $T$ with $n$ leaves, sample the leaves uniformly at random without replacement and let $W_k$, $2 \le k \le n$, be the length of the subtree spanned by the first $k$ leaves. We consider the question, "Can $T$ be…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2015-06-04 Steven N. Evans , Daniel Lanoue

A classical result by Otter shows that the complete graph has an exponential number of non-isomorphic spanning trees. This was recently extended by Lee to every almost regular graph of sufficiently large degree. In this paper, we consider…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-03-19 Veronica Bitonti , Lukas Michel , Alex Scott

A vertex of degree one in a tree is called an end vertex and a vertex of degree at least three is called a branch vertex. For a graph $G$, let $\sigma_2$ be the minimum degree sum of two nonadjacent vertices in $G$. We consider tree…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2015-05-19 Zhora Nikoghosyan

We prove that every graph has a canonical tree of tree-decompositions that distinguishes all principal tangles (these include the ends and various kinds of large finite dense structures) efficiently. Here `trees of tree-decompositions' are…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-04-08 Johannes Carmesin , Matthias Hamann , Babak Miraftab

A spanning tree of a graph is a connected subgraph on all vertices with the minimum number of edges. The number of spanning trees in a graph $G$ is given by Matrix Tree Theorem in terms of principal minors of Laplacian matrix of $G$. We…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2018-05-15 Keivan Hassani Monfared , Sudipta Mallik

We prove that one can perfectly pack degenerate graphs into complete or dense $n$-vertex quasirandom graphs, provided that all the degenerate graphs have maximum degree $o(\frac{n}{\log n})$, and in addition $\Omega(n)$ of them have at most…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-06-28 Peter Allen , Julia Böttcher , Dennis Clemens , Anusch Taraz

The spanning tree packing number of a graph $G$, denoted by $\tau(G)$, is the maximum number of edge-disjoint spanning trees contained in $G$. The study of $\tau(G)$ is one of the classic problems in graph theory. Cioab\u{a} and Wong…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-07-12 Dandan Fan , Xiaofeng Gu , Huiqiu Lin

A new shortest proof of Kotzig's Theorem about graphs with unique perfect matching is presented in this paper. It is well known that Kotzig's theorem is a consequence of Yeo's Theorem about edge-colored graph without alternating cycle. We…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2014-02-06 Gleb Nenashev

Konig's theorem states that the covering number and the matching number of a bipartite graph are equal. We prove a generalisation of this result, in which each point in one side of the graph is replaced by a subtree of a given tree. The…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Ron Aharoni , Eli Berger , Ran Ziv

We give an affirmative answer to a long-standing conjecture of Thomassen, stating that every sufficiently highly connected graph has a $k$-vertex-connected orientation. We prove that a connectivity of order $O(k^2)$ suffices. As a key tool,…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-03-12 Dániel Garamvölgyi , Tibor Jordán , Csaba Király , Soma Villányi

We introduce four new elementary short proofs of the famous K\"onig's theorem which characterizes bipartite graphs by absence of odd cycles.

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2017-09-06 Salman Ghazal

We prove an ear-decomposition theorem for $4$-edge-connected graphs and use it to prove that for every $4$-edge-connected graph $G$ and every $r\in V(G)$, there is a set of four spanning trees of $G$ with the following property. For every…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2017-11-23 Alexander Hoyer , Robin Thomas

In this paper we examine the classes of graphs whose $K_n$-complements are trees and quasi-threshold graphs and derive formulas for their number of spanning trees; for a subgraph $H$ of $K_n$, the $K_n$-complement of $H$ is the graph…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2007-05-23 Stavros D. Nikolopoulos , Charis Papadopoulos

The induced arboricity of a graph $G$ is the smallest number of induced forests covering the edges of $G$. This is a well-defined parameter bounded from above by the number of edges of $G$ when each forest in a cover consists of exactly one…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2017-06-01 Maria Axenovich , Daniel Goncalves , Jonathan Rollin , Torsten Ueckerdt

Given a connected undirected graph G = [V; E] where |E| =2(|V| -1), we present two algorithms to check if G can be decomposed into two edge disjoint spanning trees, and provide such a decomposition when it exists. Unlike previous algorithms…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2018-11-28 Hemant Malik , Ovidiu Daescu , Ramaswamy Chandrasekaran

For an integer $k$, a $k$-tree is a tree with maximum degree at most $k$. More generally, if $f$ is an integer-valued function on vertices, an $f$-tree is a tree in which each vertex $v$ has degree at most $f(v)$. Let $c(G)$ denote the…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-07-02 M. N. Ellingham , Songling Shan , Dong Ye , Xiaoya Zha

A complete description is given of how minimal trees on atoms of the algebra of subsets $\mathfrak{A}_k$ generated by minimal spanning $k$-component forests of a weighted digraph $V$ determine the form of these forests and how forests grow…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-06-24 Vasily Buslov