Related papers: Some boundedness results for systems of two ration…
Recently, mathematicians have been interested in studying the theory of discrete dynamical system, specifically difference equation, such that considerable works about discussing the behavior properties of its solutions (boundedness and…
We investigate the boundedness of solutions of the first order linear difference equation of the form $x_{n+1} = Ax_{n} + y_{n}, \; n \geq 1$ where $A$ is a square matrix with complex entries, sequence $\{y_{n}\}_{n\geq 1}$ and initial…
We consider the semiconjugate factorization and reduction of order for non-autonomous, nonlinear, higher order difference equations containing linear arguments. These equations have appeared in several mathematical models in biology and…
For nonnegative real numbers $\alpha$, $\beta$, $\gamma$, $A$, $B$ and $C$ such that $B+C>0$ and $\alpha+\beta+\gamma >0$, the difference equation \begin{equation*} x_{n+1}=\displaystyle\frac{\alpha +\beta x_{n}+\gamma x_{n-1}}{A+B x_{n}+C…
In experimental applications of bounded-reasoning models, behavior is often summarized by distributions of "levels". We argue that such summaries conflate two conceptually distinct dimensions: a player's type, capturing beliefs about what…
The scalar difference equation $x_{n+1}=f_{n}(x_{n},x_{n-1},...,x_{n-k})$ may exhibit symmetries in its form that allow for reduction of order through substitution or a change of variables. Such form symmetries can be defined generally…
In this work we solve in closed form the system of difference equations \begin{equation*} x_{n+1}=\dfrac{ay_nx_{n-1}+bx_{n-1}+c}{y_nx_{n-1}},\; y_{n+1}=\dfrac{ax_ny_{n-1}+by_{n-1}+c}{x_ny_{n-1}},\;n=0,1,..., \end{equation*} where the…
We introduce six new algebraic invariants for rational difference equations. We use these invariants to perform a reduction of order in each case. This reduction of order allows us to find forbidden sets in each case. These six cases…
We study the analyticity of bounded solutions of systems of analytic state-dependent delay differential equations. We obtain the analyticity of solutions by transforming the system of state-dependent delay equations into an abstract…
We develop a well-posedness theory for second order systems in bounded domains where boundary phenomena like glancing and surface waves play an important role. Attempts have previously been made to write a second order system consisting of…
In this note we show the the system of difference equations $$ x_{n+1}=\dfrac{ay_{n-2}x_{n-1}y_n+bx_{n-1}y_{n-2}+cy_{n-2}+d}{y_{n-2}x_{n-1}y_n},$$ $$y_{n+1}=\dfrac{ax_{n-2}y_{n-1}x_n+by_{n-1}x_{n-2}+cx_{n-2}+d}{x_{n-2}y_{n-1}x_n},$$ where…
For a nonlinear equation with several variable delays $$ \dot{x}(t)=\sum_{k=1}^m f_k(t, x(h_1(t)),\dots,x(h_l(t)))-g(t,x(t)), $$ where the functions $f_k$ increase in some variables and decrease in the others, we obtain conditions when a…
We study possible advantages of randomized and quantum computing over deterministic computing for scalar initial-value problems for ordinary differential equations of order k. For systems of equations of the first order this question has…
Assessment of the degree of boundedness/stability of multidimensional nonlinear systems with time-dependent and nonperiodic coefficients is an important problem in various applied areas which has no adequate resolution yet. Most of the…
In this part we study the dynamics of the following rational multi-parameter first order difference equation x_{n+1} =(ax_{n}^3+ bx_{n}^2+cx_{n} + d)/x_{n}^3, x_{0}\in R^{+} where the parameters a, b, d together with the initial condition…
Suppose any solution of a linear impulsive delay differential equation $$ \dot{x} (t) + \sum_{i=1}^m A_i (t) x[h_i (t)] = 0,~t \geq 0, x(s) = 0, s < 0, $$ $$ x(\tau_j +0) = B_j x(\tau_j -0) + \alpha_j, ~j=1,2, ... ,$$ is bounded for any…
In this study, we investigate the form of solutions, stability character and asymptotic behavior of the following rational difference equation x_{n+1}=({\gamma}/(x_{n}(x_{n-1}+{\alpha})+\b{eta})), n=0,1,..., where the inital values x_{-1}…
The paper deals with the following system of nonlinear difference equations \begin{equation*} x_{n+1}=ax_{n}^{2}y_{n}+bx_{n}y_{n}^{2},\ y_{n+1}=cx_{n}^{2}y_{n}+dx_{n}y_{n}^{2},\ n\in \mathbb{N}_{0}, \end{equation*} where the initial values…
Lie group analysis of the difference equations of the form \begin{align*} x_{n+1} =\frac{x_{n-4}x_{n-3}}{x_{n}(a_n +b_nx_{n-4}x_{n-3}x_{n-2}x_{n-1})}, \end{align*} where $a_n$ and $b_n$ are real sequences, is performed and non-trivial…
Estimation of the degree of stability and the bounds of solutions to non-autonomous nonlinear systems present major concerns in numerous applied problems. Yet, current techniques are frequently yield overconservative conditions which are…