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We prove that for every irrational number $\alpha$, real number $\beta$, real number $c$ satisfying $1<c<9/8$ and positive real number $\theta$ satisfying $\theta<(9/c-8)/10$, there exist infinitely many primes of the form…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2025-09-16 Stephan Baier , Habibur Rahaman

For a real number $0<\lambda<2$, we introduce a transformation $T_\lambda$ naturally associated to expansion in $\lambda$-continued fraction, for which we also give a geometrical interpretation. The symbolic coding of the orbits of…

Probability · Mathematics 2011-04-04 Elise Janvresse , Benoît Rittaud , Thierry De La Rue

A simple Parry number is a real number \beta>1 such that the R\'enyi expansion of 1 is finite, of the form d_\beta(1)=t_1...t_m. We study the palindromic structure of infinite aperiodic words u_\beta that are the fixed point of a…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Petr Ambrož , Christiane Frougny , Zuzana Masáková , Edita Pelantová

The existence of infinitely many consecutive prime triples $p_n$, $ p_{n+1}$, and $p_{n+2}$ as $n \to \infty$, is sufficient to prove that the Catalan constant $\beta(2)=0.9159655941\ldots $ is an irrational number. This note provides the…

General Mathematics · Mathematics 2022-07-29 N. A. Carella

We consider rotational beta expansions in dimensions 1, 2 and 4 and view them as expansions on real numbers, complex numbers, and quaternions, respectively. We give sufficient conditions on the parameters $\alpha, \beta \in (0,1)$ so that…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2025-06-17 Hajime Kaneko , Jonathan Caalim , Nathaniel Nollen

We show that for a Salem number $\beta$ of degree $d$, there exists a positive constant $c(d)$ that $\beta^m$ is a Parry number for integers $m$ of natural density $\ge c(d)$. Further, we show $c(6)>1/2$ and discuss a relation to the…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2022-08-16 Shigeki Akiyama , Hachem Hichri

In the present article, we introduce beta-expansions in the ring $\mathbb{Z}_p$ of $p$-adic integers. We characterise the sets of numbers with eventually periodic and finite expansions.

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2019-02-20 Klaus Scheicher , Victor F. Sirvent , Paul Surer

We study a family of piecewise expanding maps on the plane, generated by composition of a rotation and an expansive similitude of expansion constant $\beta$. We give two constants $B_1$ and $B_2$ depending only on the fundamental domain…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2015-09-16 Shigeki Akiyama , Jonathan Caalim

Let $\alpha$ be a real algebraic number of degree $d \geq 3$ and let $\beta \in \mathbb Q(\alpha)$ be irrational. Let $\mu$ be a real number such that $(d/2) + 1 < \mu < d$ and let $C_0$ be a positive real number. We prove that there exist…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2022-06-29 Anton Mosunov

We introduce and study series expansions of real numbers with an arbitrary Cantor real base $\boldsymbol{\beta}=(\beta_n)_{n\in\mathbb{N}}$, which we call $\boldsymbol{\beta}$-representations. In doing so, we generalize both representations…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-02-16 Émilie Charlier , Célia Cisternino

Let $[\, \cdot\,]$ be the floor function and $\|x\|$ denote the distance from $x$ to the nearest integer. In this paper we show that whenever $\alpha$ is irrational and $\beta$ is real then for any fixed $\frac{13}{14}<\gamma<1$, there…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2025-05-29 S. I. Dimitrov , M. D. Lazarova

Let $\beta>1$ be a non-integer. First we show that Lebesgue almost every number has a $\beta$-expansion of a given frequency if and only if Lebesgue almost every number has infinitely many $\beta$-expansions of the same given frequency.…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2019-10-09 Yao-Qiang Li

Given a natural number $k\ge 2$ and a $k$-automatic set $S$ of natural numbers, we show that the lower density and upper density of $S$ are recursively computable rational numbers and we provide an algorithm for computing these quantities.…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2021-04-13 Jason P. Bell

This short article is aimed at educators and teachers of mathematics.Its goal is simple and direct:to explore some of the basic/elementary properties of proper rational numbers.A proper rational number is a rational which is not an integer.…

General Mathematics · Mathematics 2011-10-03 Konstantine Zelator

Using a genealogically ordered infinite regular language, we know how to represent an interval of R. Numbers having an ultimately periodic representation play a special role in classical numeration systems. The aim of this paper is to…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2007-05-23 P. Lecomte , M. Rigo

The notion of $\theta$-congruent numbers generalizes the classical congruent number problem. Recall that a positive integer $n$ is $\theta$-congruent if it is the area of a rational triangle with an angle $\theta$ whose cosine is rational.…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2025-12-19 Sajad Salami , Arman Shamsi Zargar

Let $\varepsilon>0$. We construct an explicit, full-measure set of $\alpha \in[0,1]$ such that if $\gamma \in \mathbb{R}$ then, for almost all $\beta \in[0,1]$, if $\delta \in \mathbb{R}$ then there are infinitely many integers $n\geq 1$…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2023-07-28 Sam Chow , Niclas Technau

For each positive integer n greater than or equal to 2, a new approach to expressing real numbers as sequences of nonnegative integers is given. The n=2 case is equivalent to the standard continued fraction algorithm. For n=3, it reduces to…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Thomas Garrity

Let $\beta>1$. For $x \in [0,\infty)$, we have so-called the $\beta$-expansion of $x$ in base $\beta$ as follows: $$x= \sum_{j \leq k} x_{j}\beta^{j} = x_{k}\beta^{k}+ \cdots + x_{1}\beta+x_{0}+x_{-1}\beta^{-1} + x_{-2}\beta^{-2} + \cdots$$…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2025-09-23 Fumichika Takamizo

Consider $\alpha \in \Q(i)$ satisfying $|\alpha| >1$. Let $\D = \{0,1,\ldots,|a_0|-1\}$, where $a_0$ is the independent coefficient of the minimal primitive polynomial of $\alpha$. We introduce a way of expanding complex numbers in base…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2025-05-21 Lucía Rossi