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We prove a sharp version of the Hardy uncertainty principle for Schr\"odinger equations with external bounded electromagnetic potentials, based on logarithmic convexity properties of Schr\"odinger evolutions. We provide, in addition, an…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2016-03-24 Biagio Cassano , Luca Fanelli

In this paper we give a discrete version of Hardy's uncertainty principle, by using complex variable arguments, as in the classical proof of Hardy's principle. Moreover, we give an interpretation of this principle in terms of decaying…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2015-06-02 Aingeru Fernández-Bertolin

We prove the logarithmic convexity of certain quantities, which measure the quadratic exponential decay at infinity and within two characteristic hyperplanes of solutions of Schr\"odinger evolutions. As a consequence we obtain some…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2008-02-13 L. Escauriaza , C. E. Kenig , G. Ponce , L. Vega

We give a new proof of the $L^2$ version of Hardy's uncertainty principle based on calculus and on its dynamical version for the heat equation. The reasonings rely on new log-convexity properties and the derivation of optimal Gaussian decay…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2016-01-20 L. Escauriaza , C. E. Kenig , G. Ponce , L. Vega

In this paper, Hardy's uncertainty principle and unique continuation properties of abstract Schr\"odinger equations in vector-valued classes are obtained

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2017-06-06 Veli Shakhmurov

Hardy's uncertainty principle is a classical result in harmonic analysis, stating that a function in $L^2(\mathbb{R}^d)$ and its Fourier transform cannot both decay arbitrarily fast at infinity. In this paper, we extend this principle to…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2025-04-03 Elena Cordero , Gianluca Giacchi , Eugenia Malinnikova

We consider Schr\"{o}dinger equations with real quadratic Hamiltonians, for which the Wigner distribution of the solution at a given time equals, up to a linear coordinate transformation, the Wigner distribution of the initial condition.…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2022-11-04 Helge Knutsen

We give a real-variable proof of the Hardy uncertainty principle. The method is based on energy estimates for evolutions with positive viscosity, convexity properties of free waves with Gaussian decay at two different times, elliptic…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2010-05-11 M. Cowling , L. Escauriaza , C. E. Kenig , G. Ponce , L. Vega

We prove a logarithmic convexity result for exponentially weighted $L^2$-norms of solutions to electromagnetic Schr\"odinger equation, without needing to assume smallness of the magnetic potential. As a consequence, we can prove a unique…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2016-03-24 Juan Antonio Barcelo , Luca Fanelli , Susana Gutierrez , Alberto Ruiz , Mari Cruz Vilela

In this paper we give log-convexity properties for solutions to discrete Schr\"odinger equations with different discrete versions of Gaussian decay at two different times. For free evolutions, we use complex analysis arguments to derive…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2015-06-12 Aingeru Fernández-Bertolin

We prove unique continuation properties related to the Hardy uncertainty principle for solutions of the hyperbolic nonlinear Schr\"odinger equation and the hyperbolic Schr\"odinger equation with potential. Under suitable conditions on the…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2025-10-13 Torunn Jensen

The goal of this paper is to prove a uniqueness result for a stochastic heat equation with a randomly perturbed potential, which can be considered as a variant of Hardy's uncertainty principle for stochastic heat evolutions.

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2016-05-06 Aingeru Fernández-Bertolin , Jie Zhong

We prove that if a solution of the discrete time-dependent Schr\"odinger equation with bounded real potential decays fast at two distinct times then the solution is trivial. For the free Shr\"odinger operator and for operators with…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2019-03-27 Philippe Jaming , Yurii Lyubarskii , Eugenia Malinnikova , Karl-Mikael Perfekt

In this paper, we study the uncertainty principle for Schr\"odinger equations with a bounded time-independent potentials on certain Cartan-Hadamard manifolds endowed with an asymptotic hyperbolic metric in dimensions $n\geq2$. The classical…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2026-05-21 Changxing Miao , Yilin Song , Ruihan Zhou

The Hardy uncertainty principle says that no function is better localized together with its Fourier transform than the Gaussian. The textbook proof of the result, as well as one of the original proofs by Hardy, refers to the…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2022-10-10 Aingeru Fernández-Bertolin , Eugenia Malinnikova

We prove unique continuation properties for solutions of evolution Schr\"odinger equation with time dependent potentials. In the case of the free solution these correspond to uncertainly principles referred to as being of Morgan type. As an…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2014-02-26 L. Escauriaza , C. E. Kenig , G. Ponce , L. Vega

In this paper, we study Hardy-type uncertainty principles and unique continuation properties for linear covariant Schrodinger equations with variable coefficients in the presence of bounded electric and magnetic potentials. Under suitable…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2026-04-23 Luca Fanelli , Yilin Song , Ying Wang , Jiqiang Zheng , Ruihan Zhou

To estimate the optimal constant in Hardy-type inequalities, some variational formulas and approximating procedures are introduced. The known basic estimates are improved considerably. The results are illustrated by typical examples. It is…

Probability · Mathematics 2015-01-15 Mu-Fa Chen

In this survey, we present various forms of the uncertainty principle (Hardy, Heisenberg, Benedicks). We further give a new interpretation of the uncertainty principles as a statement about the time-frequency localization of elements of an…

Classical Analysis and ODEs · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Philippe Jaming

We prove rigidity theorems for shrinking gradient Ricci solitons supporting the Heisenberg-Pauli-Weyl uncertainty principle with the sharp constant in $\mathbb{R}^n$. In addtion, we partially give analogous rigidity results of the…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2019-06-27 Weixiong Mai , Jianyu Ou
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