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The quasiparticle effective mass $m^\ast$ of interacting electrons is a fundamental quantity in the Fermi liquid theory. However, the precise value of the effective mass of uniform electron gas is still elusive after decades of research.…
Vacuum polarization corrections to the energy levels of bound electrons are calculated using a perturbative path integral formalism. We apply quantum electrodynamics in a framework which treats the strong binding nuclear field to all…
The calculation of the band-gap by density-functional theory (DFT) methods is examined by considering the behavior of the energy as a function of number of electrons. It is found that the incorrect band-gap prediction with most approximate…
A self-consistent method for calculating electron transport through a molecular device is proposed. It is based on density functional theory electronic structure calculations under periodic boundary conditions and implemented in the…
When an electron tunnels between two metal contacts it temporarily induces an image charge (IC) in the electrodes which acts back on the tunneling electron. It is usually assumed that the IC forms instantaneously such that a static model…
Estimating the free energy in molecular simulation requires, implicitly or explicitly, counting how many times the system is observed in a finite region. If the simulation is biased by an external potential, the weight of the configurations…
A system of electrons in two dimensions and strong magnetic fields can be tuned to create a gapped 2D system with one dimensional channels along the edge. Interactions among these edge modes can lead to independent transport of charge and…
The chiral Luttinger liquid model for the edge dynamics of a two-dimensional electron gas in a strong magnetic field is derived from coarse-graining and a lowest Landau level projection procedure at arbitrary filling factors $\nu<1$ --…
A simple exact-exchange density-functional method for a quasi-two-dimensional electron gas with variable density is presented. An analytical expression for the exact-exchange potential with only one occupied subband is provided, without…
We develop a theory of circular photogalvanic effect (CPGE) for classically high photon energies which exceed the electron scattering rate but are small compared to the average electron kinetic energy. In this frequency range one can…
We derive a new, exact formula for the estimate of the initial energy densities from a new family of finite and exact solution of relativistic perfect fluid hydrodynamics. The new formula depends non-trivially on the speed of sound and on…
Recently, effective one-dimensional configuration coordinate diagrams have been utilized to calculate the line shapes of luminescence spectra and non-radiative carrier capture coefficients via point defects. Their calculations necessitate…
Electrolyte theories enable to describe the structural and dynamical properties of simple electrolytes in solution, such as sodium chloride in water. Using these theories for aqueous solutions of charged nanoparticles is a straightforward…
Energy transport can reveal information about interacting many-body systems beyond other transport probes. In particular, in one dimension it has been shown that the energy current is directly proportional to the central charge, thus…
Partial atomic charges are a useful and intuitive concept for understanding molecular properties and chemical reaction mechanisms, showing how changes in molecular geometry can affect the flow of electronic charge within a molecule.…
Expanding our knowledge of student difficulties in advanced undergraduate electromagnetism is essential if we are to develop effective instructional interventions. Drawing on an analysis of course materials, in-class observations and…
In a recent article, Nature Communications 7 (2016) 12068, the authors claimed that they demonstrated sub-kBT energy dissipation at elementary logic operations. However, the argumentation is invalid because it neglects the dominant source…
In the molecular dynamics calculations for the free energy of ions and ionic molecules, we often encounter wet charged molecular systems where electrical neutrality condition is broken. This causes a problem in the evaluation of…
Quantum measurements are basic operations that play a critical role in the study and application of quantum information. We study how the use of quantum, coherent, and classical thermal states of light in a circuit quantum electrodynamics…
In electrostatics, we can use either potential energy or field energy to ensure conservation of energy. In electrodynamics, the former option is unavailable. To ensure conservation of energy, we must attribute energy to the electromagnetic…