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In this article we evaluate the statistical evidence that a population of students learn about the sub-game perfect Nash equilibrium of the centipede game via repeated play of the game. This is done by formulating a model in which a…

Methodology · Statistics 2013-11-20 Anton H. Westveld , Peter D. Hoff

Designing efficient algorithms to compute Nash equilibria poses considerable challenges in Algorithmic Game Theory and Optimization. In this work, we employ integer programming techniques to compute Nash equilibria in Integer Programming…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2022-09-16 Gabriele Dragotto , Rosario Scatamacchia

Correlated equilibrium generalizes Nash equilibrium by allowing a central coordinator to guide players' actions through shared recommendations, similar to how routing apps guide drivers. We investigate how a coordinator can learn a…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2025-09-16 Zhenlong Fang , Aryan Deshwal , Yue Yu

The standard risk minimization paradigm of machine learning is brittle when operating in environments whose test distributions are different from the training distribution due to spurious correlations. Training on data from many…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-03-20 Kartik Ahuja , Karthikeyan Shanmugam , Kush R. Varshney , Amit Dhurandhar

Learning and computation of equilibria are central problems in game theory, theory of computation, and artificial intelligence. In this work, we introduce proximal regret, a new notion of regret based on proximal operators that lies…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2025-11-06 Yang Cai , Constantinos Daskalakis , Haipeng Luo , Chen-Yu Wei , Weiqiang Zheng

We consider the problem of simultaneous learning in stochastic games with many players in the finite-horizon setting. While the typical target solution for a stochastic game is a Nash equilibrium, this is intractable with many players. We…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2022-10-27 William Brown

This paper introduces risk-revising players to a class of games with incomplete information. These players enter the game with ex ante risk preferences represented by coherent risk measures and develop time-consistent interim revisions of…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-03-23 Shutian Liu

In online convex optimization, the player aims to minimize regret, or the difference between her loss and that of the best fixed decision in hindsight over the entire repeated game. Algorithms that minimize (standard) regret may converge to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-02-14 Zhou Lu , Elad Hazan

We study the repeated congestion game, in which multiple populations of players share resources, and make, at each iteration, a decentralized decision on which resources to utilize. We investigate the following question: given a model of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2014-08-04 Walid Krichene , Benjamin Drighès , Alexandre M. Bayen

In many cases the Nash equilibria are not predictive of the experimental players' behaviour. For some games of Game Theory it is proposed here a method to estimate the probabilities with which the different options will be actually chosen…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2014-04-10 Cesco Reale

A dominant approach to solving large imperfect-information games is Counterfactural Regret Minimization (CFR). In CFR, many regret minimization problems are combined to solve the game. For very large games, abstraction is typically needed…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-12-02 Ryan D'Orazio , Dustin Morrill , James R. Wright

We consider the problem of minimizing different notions of swap regret in online optimization. These forms of regret are tightly connected to correlated equilibrium concepts in games, and have been more recently shown to guarantee…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-22 Ioannis Anagnostides , Gabriele Farina , Maxwell Fishelson , Haipeng Luo , Jon Schneider

In the ultimatum game, the challenge is to explain why responders reject non-zero offers thereby defying classical rationality. Fairness and related notions have been the main explanations so far. We explain this rejection behavior via the…

Theoretical Economics · Economics 2023-11-16 Lida H. Aleksanyan , Armen E. Allahverdyan , Vardan G. Bardakhchyan

Pseudo-games are a natural and well-known generalization of normal-form games, in which the actions taken by each player affect not only the other players' payoffs, as in games, but also the other players' strategy sets. The solution…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2022-10-20 Denizalp Goktas , Amy Greenwald

This paper introduces the new concept of (follower) satisfaction in Stackelberg games and compares the standard Stackelberg game with its satisfaction version. Simulation results are presented which suggest that the follower adopting…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2024-08-22 Langford White , Duong Nguyen , Hung Nguyen

Nash equilibrium is a key concept in game theory fundamental for elucidating the equilibrium state of strategic interactions, finding applications in diverse fields such as economics, political science, and biology. However, the Nash…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2024-04-02 Elie Eshoa , Ali R. Zomorrodi

We study the open question of how players learn to play a social optimum pure-strategy Nash equilibrium (PSNE) through repeated interactions in general-sum coordination games. A social optimum of a game is the stable Pareto-optimal state…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2023-07-26 Duong Nguyen , Langford White , Hung Nguyen

Finding, counting, or determining the existence of Nash equilibria, where players must play optimally given each others' actions, are known to be computational intractable problems. We ask whether weakening optimality to the requirement…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2026-02-12 Mete Şeref Ahunbay , Paul W. Goldberg , Edwin Lock , Panayotis Mertikopoulos , Bary S. R. Pradelski , Bassel Tarbush

We examine sequential equilibrium in the context of computational games, where agents are charged for computation. In such games, an agent can rationally choose to forget, so issues of imperfect recall arise. In this setting, we consider…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2014-12-22 Joseph Y. Halpern , Rafael Pass

This paper considers repeated games in which one player has more information about the game than the other players. In particular, we investigate repeated two-player zero-sum games where only the column player knows the payoff matrix A of…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2023-02-16 Le Cong Dinh , Long Tran-Thanh , Tri-Dung Nguyen , Alain B. Zemkoho