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Kovtun, Son and Starinets have conjectured that the viscosity to entropy density ratio $\eta/s$ is always bounded from below by a universal multiple of $\hbar$ i.e., $\hbar/(4\pi k_{B})$ for all forms of matter. Mysteriously, the proposed…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2009-11-11 Omid Saremi

We discuss recent work showing that in certain cases the membrane paradigm equations governing the dynamics of black hole horizons can be recast as relativistic conservation law equations. In the context of gauge/gravity dualities, these…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2015-05-20 Christopher Eling , Yasha Neiman , Yaron Oz

The chase of universal bounds on diffusivities in strongly coupled systems and holographic models has a long track record. The identification of a universal velocity scale, independent of the presence of well-defined quasiparticle…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2021-05-10 Ning Wu , Matteo Baggioli , Wei-Jia Li

The membrane paradigm of black holes is an effective theory that replaces the event horizon with a fictitious yet tangible fluid. It has provided us with valuable insights, especially in understanding the environment of black holes. The…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-07-17 Cagdas Ulus Agca , Bayram Tekin

For gauge theories with an Einstein gravity dual, the AdS/CFT correspondence predicts a universal value for the ratio of the shear viscosity to the entropy density, $\eta/s=1/4\pi$. The holographic calculations have motivated the…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2018-03-21 Shahar Hod

To an outside observer, a black hole's event horizon appears to behave exactly like a dynamical fluid membrane. We extend this membrane paradigm to black holes in general $f(R)$ theories of gravity. We derive the stress tensor and various…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2015-05-20 Saugata Chatterjee , Maulik Parikh , Sudipta Sarkar

Periodically driven coherent conductors provide a universal platform for the development of quantum transport devices. Here, we lay down a comprehensive theory to describe the thermodynamics of these systems. We first focus on moderate…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2021-04-15 Elina Potanina , Christian Flindt , Michael Moskalets , Kay Brandner

According to the formulation of the charged large $D$ membrane paradigm, an arbitrary dynamic black hole solution to a theory of gravity with a $U(1)$ gauge field is dual to the dynamics of a membrane in a non-gravitational background. This…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2026-05-18 Supratim Halder , Manu Kurian , Mangesh Mandlik

General Relativity predicts the existence of black-holes. Access to the complete space-time manifold is required to describe the black-hole. This feature necessitates that black-hole dynamics is specified by future or teleological boundary…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2018-10-16 Swastik Bhattacharya , S. Shankaranarayanan

A thermodynamic framework that predicts the thermal conductivity $\lambda$ of simple fluids beyond the dilute-gas limit is introduced. By generalizing the transition-rate approach of particles on a lattice to conserved quantities in…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2025-12-03 Miguel Hoyuelos

We study 3-dimensional gravity on a spacetime bounded by a generic 2-dimensional causal surface. We review the solution phase space specified by 4 generic functions over the causal boundary, construct the symplectic form over the solution…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2023-07-26 H. Adami , A. Parvizi , M. M. Sheikh-Jabbari , V. Taghiloo , H. Yavartanoo

This paper is concerned with an initial and boundary value problem of the one-dimensional planar MHD equations for viscous, heat-conducting, compressible, ideal polytropic fluids with constant transport coefficients and large data. The…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2020-02-19 Xia Ye , Jianwen Zhang

In this paper, we generalise the treatment of isolated horizons in loop quantum gravity, resulting in a Chern-Simons theory on the boundary in the four-dimensional case, to non-distorted isolated horizons in 2(n+1)-dimensional spacetimes.…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2014-11-25 Norbert Bodendorfer , Thomas Thiemann , Andreas Thurn

It was recently conjectured that the ratio of the shear viscosity to entropy density, $ \eta/ s$, for any fluid always exceeds $\hbar/(4 \pi k_B)$. This conjecture was motivated by quantum field theoretic results obtained via the AdS/CFT…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2008-11-26 Thomas D. Cohen

For general metric theories of gravity, we compare the approach that describes-derives the field equations of gravity as a thermodynamic identity with the one which looks at them from entropy bounds. The comparison is made through the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-10-28 Alessandro Pesci

Membrane paradigm is a powerful tool to study properties of black hole horizons. We first explore the properties of the nonlinear electromagnetic membrane of black holes. For a general nonlinear electrodynamics field, we show that the…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2018-07-25 Xiaobo Guo , Peng Wang , Haitang Yang

In the membrane paradigm of black holes, it is usually assumed that the normal vector of the stretched horizon has a vanishing acceleration. This assumption breaks down for black bottles, a class of solutions discovered recently in the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2017-10-03 Li Li , Towe Wang

For many years researchers have tried to glean hints about quantum gravity from black hole thermodynamics. However, black hole thermodynamics suffers from the problem of Universality --- at leading order, several approaches with different…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2017-01-11 Bethan Cropp , Swastik Bhattacharya , S. Shankaranarayanan

The (planar) AdS Dirichlet problem has previously been shown to exhibit superluminal hydrodynamic sound modes. This problem is defined by bulk gravitational dynamics with Dirichlet boundary conditions imposed on a rigid timelike cut-off…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2015-06-03 Donald Marolf , Mukund Rangamani

Using the AdS/CFT correspondence we study transport coefficients of a strongly-coupled (2 +1)-dimensional field theory at {\it zero} temperature and finite charge density. The field theory under consideration is dual to the extremal…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2010-01-22 Mohammad Edalati , Juan I. Jottar , Robert G. Leigh