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In this paper, we present the construction of tensor network states (TNS) for some of the degenerate ground states of 3D stabilizer codes. We then use the TNS formalism to obtain the entanglement spectrum and entropy of these ground-states…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2023-01-23 Huan He , Yunqin Zheng , B. Andrei Bernevig , Nicolas Regnault

We define and classify symmetry-protected topological (SPT) phases in mixed states based on the tensor network formulation of the density matrix. In one dimension, we introduce strong injective matrix product density operators (MPDO), which…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2024-05-17 Hanyu Xue , Jong Yeon Lee , Yimu Bao

We introduce a change of perspective on tensor network states that is defined by the computational graph of the contraction of an amplitude. The resulting class of states, which we refer to as tensor network functions, inherit the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-01-06 Wen-Yuan Liu , Si-Jing Du , Ruojing Peng , Johnnie Gray , Garnet Kin-Lic Chan

We employ matrix product states (MPS) and tensor networks to study topological properties of the space of ground states of gapped many-body systems. We focus on families of states in one spatial dimension, where each state can be…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2026-01-15 Marvin Qi , David T. Stephen , Xueda Wen , Daniel Spiegel , Markus J. Pflaum , Agnès Beaudry , Michael Hermele

Tensor network methods are taking a central role in modern quantum physics and beyond. They can provide an efficient approximation to certain classes of quantum states, and the associated graphical language makes it easy to describe and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-08-02 Jacob Biamonte , Ville Bergholm

This work gives a detailed investigation of matrix product state (MPS) representations for pure multipartite quantum states. We determine the freedom in representations with and without translation symmetry, derive respective canonical…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-08-02 D. Perez-Garcia , F. Verstraete , M. M. Wolf , J. I. Cirac

Over the last decade tensor network states (TNS) have emerged as a powerful tool for the study of quantum many body systems. The matrix product states (MPS) are one particular case of TNS and are used for the simulation of 1+1 dimensional…

High Energy Physics - Lattice · Physics 2015-11-16 Boye Buyens , Karel Van Acoleyen , Jutho Haegeman , Frank Verstraete

We investigate tree tensor network states for quantum chemistry. Tree tensor network states represent one of the simplest generalizations of matrix product states and the density matrix renormalization group. While matrix product states…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2013-04-09 Naoki Nakatani , Garnet Kin-Lic Chan

We extend the formalism of Matrix Product States (MPS) to describe one-dimensional gapped systems of fermions with both unitary and anti-unitary symmetries. Additionally, systems with orientation-reversing spatial symmetries are considered.…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2024-01-24 Alex Turzillo , Minyoung You

Extending corresponding results for matrix product states [Verstraete and Cirac, PRB 73, 094423 (2006); Schuch et al. PRL 100, 030504 (2008)], it is shown how the approximation error of tree tensor network states (TTNS) can be bounded using…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-01-30 Thomas Barthel

The 1-form symmetry, manifesting as loop-like symmetries, has gained prominence in the study of quantum phases, deepening our understanding of symmetry. However, the role of 1-form symmetries in Projected Entangled-Pair States (PEPS),…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2024-08-02 Yi Tan , Ji-Yao Chen , Didier Poilblanc , Fei Ye , Jia-Wei Mei

We introduce Gaussian Matrix Product States (GMPS), a generalization of Matrix Product States (MPS) to lattices of harmonic oscillators. Our definition resembles the interpretation of MPS in terms of projected maximally entangled pairs,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2012-01-20 Norbert Schuch , Michael M. Wolf , J. Ignacio Cirac

In quantum many-body systems, complex dynamics delocalize the physical degrees of freedom. This spreading of information throughout the system has been extensively studied in relation to quantum thermalization, scrambling, and chaos.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-03-26 Faidon Andreadakis , Paolo Zanardi

An accurate calculation of the properties of quantum many-body systems is one of the most important yet intricate challenges of modern physics and computer science. In recent years, the tensor network ansatz has established itself as one of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-01-08 Jonas Haferkamp , Dominik Hangleiter , Jens Eisert , Marek Gluza

Sum-product networks (SPNs) represent an emerging class of neural networks with clear probabilistic semantics and superior inference speed over graphical models. This work reveals a strikingly intimate connection between SPNs and tensor…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-11-12 Ching-Yun Ko , Cong Chen , Yuke Zhang , Kim Batselier , Ngai Wong

We argue that the natural way to generalise a tensor network variational class to a continuous quantum system is to use the Feynman path integral to implement a continuous tensor contraction. This approach is illustrated for the case of a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2012-10-22 Christoph Brockt , Jutho Haegeman , David Jennings , Tobias J. Osborne , Frank Verstraete

Tensor network states are for good reasons believed to capture ground states of gapped local Hamiltonians arising in the condensed matter context, states which are in turn expected to satisfy an entanglement area law. However, the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-06-28 M. Schwarz , O. Buerschaper , J. Eisert

Tensor networks provide succinct representations of quantum many-body states and are an important computational tool for strongly correlated quantum systems. Their expressive and computational power is characterized by an underlying…

(Please refer to arXiv:1810.08050, which has completely different aims but contains all the main contents of this paper) In this work, we propose to access the information of criticality and excitations of one-dimensional quantum systems by…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2018-10-22 Emanuele Tirrito , Luca Tagliacozzo , Maciej Lewenstein , Shi-Ju Ran

Tensor network, which originates from quantum physics, is emerging as an efficient tool for classical and quantum machine learning. Nevertheless, there still exists a considerable accuracy gap between tensor network and the sophisticated…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-07 Ye-Ming Meng , Jing Zhang , Peng Zhang , Chao Gao , Shi-Ju Ran
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