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We quantify the representational power of matrix product states (MPS) for entangled qubit systems by giving polynomial expressions in a pure quantum state's amplitudes which hold if and only if the state is a translation invariant matrix…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-09-11 Andrew Critch , Jason Morton

This paper reveals the intrinsic structure of Matrix Product States (MPS) by establishing their deep connection to entangled hidden Markov models (EHMMs). It is demonstrated that a significant class of MPS can be derived as the outcomes of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-02-19 Abdessatar Souissi

This review elaborates on the foundation, the advantages, and the prospects of tensor network representations for quantum states in vibrational spectroscopy. The focus is on the recently introduced matrix product state decomposition of…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2022-08-03 Nina Glaser , Alberto Baiardi , Markus Reiher

We propose a new class of tensor-network states, which we name projected entangled simplex states (PESS), for studying the ground-state properties of quantum lattice models. These states extend the pair-correlation basis of projected…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2014-04-18 Z. Y. Xie , J. Chen , J. F. Yu , X. Kong , B. Normand , T. Xiang

Tensor networks (TNs) have become one of the most essential building blocks for various fields of theoretical physics such as condensed matter theory, statistical mechanics, quantum information, and quantum gravity. This review provides a…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2022-05-10 Kouichi Okunishi , Tomotoshi Nishino , Hiroshi Ueda

Recent work has shown that for one-dimensional quantum states that can be effectively approximated by matrix product operators (MPOs), a polynomial number of copies of the state suffices for reconstruction. Compared to MPOs in one…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-09-23 Zhen Qin , Zhihui Zhu

Invariant theory is concerned with functions that do not change under the action of a given group. Here we communicate an approach based on tensor networks to represent polynomial local unitary invariants of quantum states. This graphical…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-11-13 Jacob Biamonte , Ville Bergholm , Marco Lanzagorta

We propose a simple connection between matrix quantum mechanics and tensor networks. This allows us to imbue tensor networks with some interesting additional structure. The geometry of the graph describing the tensor network state is…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2024-07-25 Alexander Frenkel

Neural-Network Quantum States have been recently introduced as an Ansatz for describing the wave function of quantum many-body systems. We show that there are strong connections between Neural-Network Quantum States in the form of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-03-08 Ivan Glasser , Nicola Pancotti , Moritz August , Ivan D. Rodriguez , J. Ignacio Cirac

We show that quantum systems of extended objects naturally give rise to a large class of exotic phases - namely topological phases. These phases occur when the extended objects, called ``string-nets'', become highly fluctuating and…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2009-11-10 Michael A. Levin , Xiao-Gang Wen

These are lecture notes from the 44th IFF Spring School "Quantum Information Processing" in Juelich, discussing applications of entanglement theory in condensed matter. The focus of the notes is on tensor network states, in particular…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-06-25 Norbert Schuch

We describe a class of spin chains with new physical and computational properties. On the physical side, the spin chains give examples of symmetry-protected topological phases that are defined by non-onsite symmetries, i.e. symmetries that…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-05-13 David T. Stephen

Matrix product states play an important role in quantum information theory to represent states of many-body systems. They can be seen as low-dimensional subvarieties of a high-dimensional tensor space. In these notes, we consider two…

Representation Theory · Mathematics 2023-12-05 Tim Seynnaeve

We establish a direct connection between general tensor networks and deep feed-forward artificial neural networks. The core of our results is the construction of neural-network layers that efficiently perform tensor contractions, and that…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-12-07 Or Sharir , Amnon Shashua , Giuseppe Carleo

Matrix product states (MPS) illustrate the suitability of tensor networks for the description of interacting many-body systems: ground states of gapped $1$-D systems are approximable by MPS as shown by Hastings [J. Stat. Mech. Theor. Exp.,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-09-21 Robert Koenig , Volkher B. Scholz

Tensor networks such as matrix product states (MPS) and projected entangled pair states (PEPS) are commonly used to approximate quantum systems. These networks are optimized in methods such as DMRG or evolved by local operators. We provide…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2020-01-07 Yifan Zhang , Edgar Solomonik

Tensor networks are a compressed format for multi-dimensional data. One-dimensional tensor networks -- often referred to as tensor trains (TT) or matrix product states (MPS) -- are increasingly being used as a numerical ansatz for continuum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-12-09 Joseph Tindall , E. Miles Stoudenmire , Ryan Levy

Preparing long-range entangled states poses significant challenges for near-term quantum devices. It is known that measurement and feedback (MF) can aid this task by allowing the preparation of certain paradigmatic long-range entangled…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-10-28 Yifan Zhang , Sarang Gopalakrishnan , Georgios Styliaris

We have discussed the tensor-network representation of classical statistical or interacting quantum lattice models, and given a comprehensive introduction to the numerical methods we recently proposed for studying the tensor-network…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2013-05-29 H. H. Zhao , Z. Y. Xie , Q. N. Chen , Z. C. Wei , J. W. Cai , T. Xiang

Tensor network methods, most prominently matrix product states (MPS), have become fundamental tools in modern quantum many-body physics. While MPS and extensions like the multiscale entanglement renormalization ansatz (MERA) and tree tensor…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-16 Kaito Kobayashi , Benjamin Sappler , Frank Pollmann