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Nanoscale single-electron pumps can be used to generate accurate currents, and can potentially serve to realize a new standard of electrical current based on elementary charge. Here, we use a silicon-based quantum dot with tunable tunnel…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2014-06-26 A. Rossi , T. Tanttu , K. Y. Tan , I. Iisakka , R. Zhao , K. W. Chan , G. C. Tettamanzi , S. Rogge , A. S. Dzurak , M. Möttönen

Remarkable experimental advances in quantum computing are exemplified by recent announcements of impressive average gate fidelities exceeding 99.9% for single-qubit gates and 99% for two-qubit gates. Although these high numbers engender…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-12-29 Yuval R Sanders , Joel J Wallman , Barry C Sanders

The new definition of the ampere calls for a quantum current standard able to deliver a flow of elementary charges, $e$, controlled with a relative uncertainty of $10^{-8}$. Despite many efforts, nanodevices handling electrons one by one…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2025-02-11 Sophie Djordjevic , Ralf Behr , W. Poirier

There is currently a significant need for robust and efficient methods for characterizing quantum devices. While there has been significant progress in this direction, there remains a crucial need to precisely determine the strength and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-09-04 Arnaud Carignan-Dugas , Joel J. Wallman , Joseph Emerson

We present measurements of current noise in quantum point contacts as a function of source-drain bias, gate voltage, and in-plane magnetic field. At zero bias, Johnson noise provides a measure of the electron temperature. At finite bias,…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 L. DiCarlo , Yiming Zhang , D. T. McClure , D. J. Reilly , C. M. Marcus , L. N. Pfeiffer , K. W. West , M. P. Hanson , A. C. Gossard

We present a realization of quantized charge pumping. A lateral quantum dot is defined by metallic split gates in a GaAs/AlGaAs heterostructure. A surface acoustic wave whose wavelength is twice the dot length is used to pump single…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2009-11-10 J. Ebbecke , N. E. Fletcher , T. J. B. M. Janssen , F. J. Ahlers , M. Pepper , H. E. Beere , D. A. Ritchie

The generation of ac modulated quantized current waveforms using a semiconductor non-adiabatic single electron pump is demonstrated. In standard operation the single electron pump generates a quantized output current of I = ef where e is…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2015-06-15 P. Mirovsky , L. Fricke , F. Hohls , B. Kaestner , Ch. Leicht , K. Pierz , J. Melcher , H. W. Schumacher

Adaptive quantum circuits employ unitary gates assisted by mid-circuit measurement, classical computation on the measurement outcome, and the conditional application of future unitary gates based on the result of the classical computation.…

Many quantum technologies require a precise electrical current standard that can only be achieved with expensive cryogenics, or through the secondary standards, such as resistance or voltage. Silicon-based charge pumps could provide such a…

Quantized single-electron transport driven by surface acoustic waves (SAW) through a pinched-off narrow constriction is studied theoretically. Long-range Coulomb interaction causes the tunneling coupling between the two-dimensional electron…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 M. Pustilnik , K. Flensberg , Q. Niu

Devices for nano- and molecular size electronics are currently a focus of research aimed at an efficient current rectification and switching. A few generic molecular scale devices are reviewed here on the basis of first-principles and model…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2015-06-25 A. M. Bratkovsky

In an idealistic setting, quantum metrology protocols allow to sense physical parameters with mean squared error that scales as $1/N^2$ with the number of particles involved---substantially surpassing the $1/N$-scaling characteristic to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-01-05 Jan Kolodynski

In traditional approaches of obtaining quantized acoustoelectric current, a narrow channel is fabricated to form quantum dots, which hold a fixed number of electrons at a certain depth. We propose a natural way of forming quantum dots…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Xiang-Song Chen

Precision measurements of the quantum Hall resistance with alternating current (ac) in the kHz range were performed on epitaxial graphene in order to assess its suitability as a quantum standard of impedance. The quantum Hall plateaus…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2014-08-25 C. -C. Kalmbach , J. Schurr , F. J. Ahlers , A. Müller , S. Novikov , N. Lebedeva , A. Satrapinski

We calculate the noise spectrum of the output signal of a quantum detector during continuous measurement of a two-level system (qubit). We generalize the previous results obtained for the regime of high voltages (when $eV$ is much larger…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 A. Shnirman , D. Mozyrsky , I. Martin

This article studies Markovian stochastic motion of a particle on a graph with finite number of nodes and periodically time-dependent transition rates that satisfy the detailed balance condition at any time. We show that under general…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2015-06-03 Vladimir Y. Chernyak , John R. Klein , Nikolai A. Sinitsyn

We first show that the standard deviation error of quantum amplitude estimation is asymptotically lower bounded by approximately $1.28 L^{-1}$, where $L$ is the number of queries. Then we propose a generalized qubitization that can…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-05-14 Xi Lu , Hongwei Lin

Two-terminal conductance quantization in the context of quantum Hall (QH) physics is intimately related to the current carried by a discrete number of chiral edge modes. Upon pinching off a QH bar, one may engineer setups where some modes…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2025-07-02 Sourav Manna , Ankur Das , Yuval Gefen , Moshe Goldstein

Mid-circuit measurements and measurement-controlled gates are supported by an increasing number of quantum hardware platforms and will become more relevant as an essential building block for quantum error correction. However, mid-circuit…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-02-27 Yanbin Chen , Innocenzo Fulginiti , Christian B. Mendl

A theory of d.c. electric current induced in a quantum channel by a propagating surface acoustic wave (acoustoelectric current) is worked out. The first observation of the acoustoelectric current in such a situation was reported by J. M.…

Condensed Matter · Physics 2009-10-28 Harald Totland , Yuri Galperin