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In this article we show that separation of variables for second-order superintegrable systems in two-dimensional Euclidean space generates both exactly solvable (ES) and quasi-exactly solvable (QES) problems in quantum mechanics. In this…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 E. G. Kalnins , W. Miller , G. S. Pogosyan

A Hamiltonian with two degrees of freedom is said to be superintegrable if it admits three functionally independent integrals of the motion. This property has been extensively studied in the case of two-dimensional spaces of constant…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 E. G. Kalnins , J. M. Kress , P. Winternitz

Classical controllability and observability characterise reachability and reconstructibility of the full system state and admit equivalent geometric and eigenvalue-based Popov-Belevitch-Hautus (PBH) tests. Motivated by large-scale and…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-02-17 Tyrone Fernando

We give separability criteria for general multi-qubit states in terms of diagonal and anti-diagonal entries. We define two numbers which are obtained from diagonal and anti-diagonal entries, respectively, and compare them to get criteria.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-12-10 Kil-Chan Ha , Kyung Hoon Han , Seung-Hyeok Kye

The Eisenhart geometric formalism, which transforms an Euclidean natural Hamiltonian $H=T+V$ into a geodesic Hamiltonian ${\cal T}$ with one additional degree of freedom, is applied to the four families of quadratically superintegrable…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2017-02-09 Jose F. Cariñena , Francisco J. Herranz , Manuel F. Rañada

We propose an efficient approach to prepare Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen (EPR) pairs in currently existing Josephson nanocircuits with capacitive couplings. In these fixed coupling circuits, two-qubit logic gates could be easily implemented…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-11 L. F. Wei , Yu-xi Liu , Markus J. Storcz , Franco Nori

In this short review paper the detailed analysis of six two-dimensional quantum {\it superintegrable} systems in flat space is presented. It includes the Smorodinsky-Winternitz potentials I-II (the Holt potential), the Fokas-Lagerstrom…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2026-05-06 Alexander V Turbiner , Juan Carlos Lopez Vieyra , Pavel Winternitz

The unitary group acting on the Hilbert space of three quantum bits admits a Lie subgroup, of elements which permute with the symmetric group of permutations. Under the action of such Lie subgroup, the Hilbert space splits into three…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-11-16 Francesca Albertini , Domenico D'Alessandro

Two-qubit states occupy a large and relatively unexplored Hilbert space. Such states can be succinctly characterized by their degree of entanglement and purity. In this letter we investigate entangled mixed states and present a class of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-07 W. J. Munro , D. F. V. James , A. G. White , P. G. Kwiat

We obtain two sided estimates for the Bures volume of an arbitrary subset of the set of $N\times N$ density matrices, in terms of the Hilbert-Schmidt volume of that subset. For general subsets, our results are essentially optimal (for large…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2010-07-09 Deping Ye

In this work we study the so-called quantitative complementarity quantities. We focus in the following physical situation: two qubits ($q_A$ and $q_B$) are initially in a maximally entangled state. One of them ($q_B$) interacts with a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-01-26 Leonardo A. M. Souza , Nadja K. Bernardes , Romeu Rossi

Exceptional points (EPs) determine the dynamics of open quantum systems and cause also PT symmetry breaking in PT symmetric systems. From a mathematical point of view, this is caused by the fact that the phases of the wavefunctions…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2014-04-30 Hichem Eleuch , Ingrid Rotter

We provide upper bounds of the expected Wasserstein distance between a probability measure and its empirical version, generalizing recent results for finite dimensional Euclidean spaces and bounded functional spaces. Such a generalization…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2020-01-29 Jing Lei

This work studies the entropic regularization formulation of the 2-Wasserstein distance on an infinite-dimensional Hilbert space, in particular for the Gaussian setting. We first present the Minimum Mutual Information property, namely the…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2022-03-15 Minh Ha Quang

The state of an entangled q-bit pair is specified by 15 numerical parameters that are naturally regarded as the components of two 3-vectors and a $3\times3$-dyadic. There are easy-to-use criteria to check whether a given pair of 3-vectors…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-06-26 Berthold-Georg Englert , Nasser Metwally

Quadratic Unconstrained Binary Optimization (QUBO) problems are prevalent in various applications and are known to be NP-hard. The seminal work of Goemans and Williamson introduced a semidefinite programming (SDP) relaxation for such…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-10-10 Haomu Yuan , Daniel Stilck França , Ilia Luchnikov , Egor Tiunov , Tobias Haug , Leandro Aolita

We study separability properties in a 5-dimensional set of states of quantum systems composed of three subsystems of equal but arbitrary finite Hilbert space dimension d. These are the states, which can be written as linear combinations of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-06 T. Eggeling , R. F. Werner

In part I, the formalism for the description of open quantum systems (that are embedded into a common well-defined environment) by means of a non-Hermitian Hamilton operator $\ch$ is sketched. Eigenvalues and eigenfunctions are…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-10-28 Hichem Eleuch , Ingrid Rotter

We derive an exact uncertainty relation for arbitrary quantum states of finite-dimensional Hilbert spaces. For any given $k$-partition of a $d$-dimensional multipartite system, we introduce the total uncertainty as the sum of the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-19 G. Tartaglione , G. Zanfardino , F. Illuminati

In previously exhibited hidden variable models of quantum state preparation and measurement, the number of continuous hidden variables describing the actual state of a single realization is never smaller than the quantum state manifold…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2011-03-23 Alberto Montina