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CdZnTe-based detectors are highly valued because of their high spectral resolution, which is an essential feature for nuclear medical imaging. However, this resolution is compromised when there are substantial defects in the CdZnTe…

[NOTE: Previous versions of this paper (both on astro-ph and published in Phys. Rev. D) contain results that are in error. The power spectra C_l were normalized incorrectly by a factor of 2 pi. All observing times in detector-years in those…

Polarized light microscopy, as a contrast-enhancing technique for optically anisotropic materials, is a method well suited for the investigation of a wide variety of effects in solid-state physics, as for example birefringence in crystals…

Electron microscopy prevalently uses energy-dispersive x-ray spectroscopy (EDS) and electron energy loss spectroscopy (EELS) for elemental analysis. EDS and EELS energy resolutions are commonly between 30-100 eV or 0.01-1 eV, respectively.…

To improve transistor density and electronic performance, next-generation semiconductor devices are adopting three-dimensional architectures and feature sizes down to the few-nm regime, which require atomic-scale metrology to identify and…

Classification of rocks is one of the fundamental tasks in a geological study. The process requires a human expert to examine sampled thin section images under a microscope. In this study, we propose a method that uses microscope…

One of the main methods used for finding extrasolar planets is the radial velocity technique, in which the Doppler shift of a star due to an orbiting planet is measured. These measurements are typically performed using cross-dispersed…

LaBr3:Ce crystals have good scintillation properties for X-ray spectroscopy. Initially, they were introduced for radiation imaging in medical physics with either a photomultiplier or SiPM readout, and they found extensive applications in…

Analysis of the extended X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) can yield local structural information in magic size clusters even when other structural methods (such as X-ray diffraction) fail, but typically requires an initial guess --…

We present the results of an experiment where a short focal length (~ 1.3 cm) permanent magnet electron lens is used to image micron-size features of a metal sample in a single shot, using an ultra- high brightness ps-long 4 MeV electron…

There are indications that interstellar and interplanetary dust grains have an inhomogeneous and fluffy structure. We investigate different methods to describe light scattering by such composite particles. Both a model of layered particles…

Incoherent background can create an intrinsic problem for standard small angle neutron scattering measurements. Biological samples contain hydrogen which is a strong incoherent scatterer thus creating an intrinsic source of background that…

An accurate determination of specimen thickness is essential for quantitative analytical electron microscopy. Here we demonstrate that a position-averaged incoherent bright-field signal recorded on an absolute scale can be used to determine…

In the analysis of composite materials with heterogeneous microstructures, full resolution of the heterogeneities using classical numerical approaches can be computationally prohibitive. This paper presents a micromechanics-enhanced finite…

Due to their ability to recognize complex patterns, neural networks can drive a paradigm shift in the analysis of materials science data. Here, we introduce ARISE, a crystal-structure identification method based on Bayesian deep learning.…

Understanding structure at the atomic scale is fundamental for the development of materials with improved properties. Compared to other probes providing atomic resolution, electrons offer the strongest interaction in combination with…

Polarized x-ray absorption near edge structure (XANES) spectra at both the Cu and the Ge K-edges of CuGeO3 are measured and calculated relying on the real-space multiple-scattering formalism within a one-electron approach. The polarization…

Nuclear magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) at the atomic scale offers exciting prospects for determining the structure and function of individual molecules and proteins. Quantum defects in diamond have recently emerged as a promising platform…

Physicochemical characterization of materials is central to the field of science and engineering and is essential to design new/engineered materials with specific properties. Assays available for small-molecules, e.g., XRD, NMR, LC-MS,…

Introduced more than fifty years ago, dynamic light scattering is routinely used to determine the size distribution of colloidal suspensions, as well as of macromolecules in solution, such as proteins, nucleic acids, and their complexes.…