Related papers: Experimental studies of the transient fluctuation …
We formulate a geometric framework in which physical laws emerge from restricted access to microscopic information. Measurement constraints are modeled as a gauge symmetry acting on density operators, inducing a gauge-reduced space of…
The exchange fluctuation theorem for heat exchanged between two systems at different temperatures, when kept in direct contact, has been investigated by C. Jarzynski and D. K. W\'ojcik, in Phys. Rev. Lett. {\bf 92}, 230602 (2004). We extend…
The essence of the second law of classical thermodynamics is the `entropy principle' which asserts the existence of an additive and extensive entropy function, S, that is defined for all equilibrium states of thermodynamic systems and whose…
We have investigated the validity of the fluctuation-dissipation theorem (FDT) and the applicability of the concept of effective temperature in a number of non-equilibrium soft glassy materials. Using a combination of passive and active…
We derive a generalization of the Second Law of Thermodynamics that uses Bayesian updates to explicitly incorporate the effects of a measurement of a system at some point in its evolution. By allowing an experimenter's knowledge to be…
The validity of the fluctuation theorem for entropy production as deduced from the observation of trajectories implicitly requires that all slow degrees of freedom are accessible. We experimentally investigate the role of hidden slow…
Recently Wang et al. carried out a laboratory experiment, where a Brownian particle was dragged through a fluid by a harmonic force with constant velocity of its center. This experiment confirmed a theoretically predicted work related…
We study the statistical properties of currents in two particular systems of capacitively coupled parallel transport channels. In the first system, each transport channel contains a single quantum dot in contact with two electron…
A fluctuation theorem is proved for the macroscopic currents of a system in a nonequilibrium steady state, by using Schnakenberg network theory. The theorem can be applied, in particular, in reaction systems where the affinities or…
For soft matter systems strongly driven by stationary flow, we discuss an extended fluctuation-dissipation theorem (FDT). Beyond the linear response regime, the FDT for the stress acquires an additional contribution involving the observable…
How condensed-matter simulations depend on the number of molecules being simulated ($N$) is sometimes itself a valuable piece of information. Liquid crystals provide a case in point. Light scattering and $2d$-IR experiments on…
The description of nonequilibrium processes in nano-sized objects, where the typical energies involved are a few times, is increasingly becoming central to disciplines as diverse as condensed-matter physics, materials science, and…
Fluctuation Theorems are statements about the entropy of systems far from thermal equilibrium. In this Letter relativistic Fluctuation Theorems for Brownian motion are presented and proven. Though there is a known discretization dilemma…
In this work we perform theoretical analysis about a coupled RC circuit with constant driven currents. Starting from stochastic differential equations, where voltages are subject to thermal noises, we derive time-correlation functions,…
We examine the Hall conductivity of macroscopic two-dimensional quantum system, and show that the observed quantities can sometimes violate the fluctuation dissipation theorem (FDT), even in the linear response (LR) regime infinitesimally…
We present two examples of how single-molecule experimental techniques applied to biological systems can give insight into problems within the scope of equilibrium and nonequilibrium mesoscopic thermodynamics. The first example is the…
This work presents a general unifying theoretical framework for quantum non-equilibrium systems. It is based on a re-statement of the dynamical problem as one of inferring the distribution of collision events that move a system toward…
Almost all processes -- highly correlated, weakly correlated, or correlated not at all---exhibit statistical fluctuations. Often physical laws, such as the Second Law of Thermodynamics, address only typical realizations -- as highlighted by…
The entropy shows an unavoidable tendency of disorder in thermostatistics according to the second thermodynamics law. This provides a minimization entropy principle for quantum thermostatistics with the von Neumann entropy and nonextensive…
The second law of thermodynamics places a limitation into which states a system can evolve into. For systems in contact with a heat bath, it can be combined with the law of energy conservation, and it says that a system can only evolve into…