Related papers: Experimental studies of the transient fluctuation …
The second law of thermodynamics states that entropy production in macroscopic systems is non-negative, reaching zero only at thermodynamic equilibrium. As a corollary, this implies that the state trajectory of macroscopic systems is…
The probability distribution of the entropy production for the effusion of a relativistic ideal gas is calculated explicitly. This result is then extended to include particle and anti-particle pair production and annihilation. In both…
Statistical mechanics descriptions of the second law of thermodynamics generally imply point-like particles driven by a dissipative overall mechanism for their simultaneous time-evolution. As the number of involved particles grows larger,…
We consider heat fluctuations and fluctuation theorems for systems driven by multiple reservoirs. We establish a fundamental symmetry obeyed by the joint probability distribution for the heat transfers and system coordinates. The symmetry…
Fluctuation theorems establish that thermodynamic processes at the microscale can occasionally result in negative entropy production. At the microscale, another distinct possibility becomes more likely: processes in which no entropy is…
In this paper, after referring to the Rastall theory, we address some of its cosmological consequences. Moreover, bearing the Clausius relation in mind, using Friedman equations in Rastall theory and the Cai-Kim temperature, we obtain a…
In the real world, one almost never knows the parameters of a thermodynamic process to infinite precision. Reflecting this, here we investigate how to extend stochastic thermodynamics to systems with uncertain parameters, including…
A positive rate of entropy production at steady state is a distinctive feature of truly non-equilibrium processes. Exact results, while being often limited to simple models, offer a unique opportunity to explore the thermodynamic features…
The structure of very complicated irregular "microscopic" (local) entropy fluctuations around a big separated "macroscopic" (global) fluctuation in the statistical equilibrium was studied in numerical experiments on a simple 2--freedom…
The second law of thermodynamics tells us which state transformations are so statistically unlikely that they are effectively forbidden. Its original formulation, due to Clausius, states that "Heat can never pass from a colder to a warmer…
An experimental test of a large fluctuation theorem is performed on a chain of coupled ``cat maps''. Our interest is focused on the behavior of a subsystem of this chain. A local entropy creation rate is defined and we show that the local…
The thermodynamic behavior of Markovian open quantum systems can be described at the level of fluctuations by using continuous monitoring approaches. However, practical applications require assessing imperfect detection schemes, where the…
Complex systems such as glasses, gels, granular materials, and systems far from equilibrium exhibit violation of the ergodic hypothesis (EH) and of the fluctuation-dissipation theorem (FDT). Recent investigations in systems with memory have…
Fluctuation theorems (FTs) quantify the thermodynamic reversibility of a system, and for deterministic systems they are defined in terms of the dissipation function. However, in a nonequilibrium steady state of deterministic dynamics, the…
We study the transient response of a colloidal bead which is released from different heights and allowed to relax in the potential well of an optical trap. Depending on the initial potential energy, the system's time evolution shows…
Several models of quantum open systems are known at present to violate, according to principles of the standard quantum theory of open systems, the second law of thermodynamics. Here, a new and rather trivial model of another type is…
Fluctuation theorems are relations constraining the out-of-equilibrium fluctuations of thermodynamic quantities like the entropy production that were initially introduced for classical or quantum systems in contact with a thermal bath. Here…
A few decades after Hill's work on nano-thermodynamics, the development of a thermodynamic framework, to account consistently for the fluctuations of small systems due to their interactions with the surrounding environment, is still…
The classical Density Functional Theory (DFT) is introduced as an application of entropic inference for inhomogeneous fluids at thermal equilibrium. It is shown that entropic inference reproduces the variational principle of DFT when…
A famous consequence of the detailed fluctuation theorem (FT), $p(\Sigma)/p(-\Sigma)=\exp{(\Sigma)}$, is the integral FT $\langle \exp(-\Sigma)\rangle =1$ for a random variable $\Sigma$ and a distribution $p(\Sigma)$. When $\Sigma$…