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We examine the problem of family size statistics (the number of individuals carrying the same surname, or the same DNA sequence) in a given size subsample of an exponentially growing population. We approach the problem from two directions.…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2009-03-24 Yosef E. Maruvka , Nadav M. Shnerb , David A. Kessler

In 1957, Lindley published "A statistical paradox" in Biometrika, revealing a fundamental conflict between frequentist and Bayesian inference as sample size approaches infinity. We present a new paradox of a different kind: a conflict…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-12-01 Miodrag M. Lovric

Zipf's law describes the empirical size distribution of the components of many systems in natural and social sciences and humanities. We show, by solving a statistical model, that Zipf's law co-occurs with the maximization of the diversity…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2021-10-05 Onofrio Mazzarisi , Amanda de Azevedo-Lopes , Jeferson J. Arenzon , Federico Corberi

Linear models with a growing number of parameters have been widely used in modern statistics. One important problem about this kind of model is the variable selection issue. Bayesian approaches, which provide a stochastic search of…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2012-02-03 Zuofeng Shang , Murray K. Clayton

This paper establishes complete convergence for weighted sums and the Marcinkiewicz--Zygmund-type strong law of large numbers for sequences of negatively associated and identically distributed random variables $\{X,X_n,n\ge1\}$ with general…

Probability · Mathematics 2021-03-02 Vu Thi Ngoc Anh , Nguyen Thi Thanh Hien , Lê Vǎn Thành , Vo Thi Hong Van

A basic result of large deviations theory is Sanov's theorem, which states that the sequence of empirical measures of independent and identically distributed samples satisfies the large deviation principle with rate function given by…

Probability · Mathematics 2014-10-17 Markus Fischer

Let the random variable $Z_{n,k}$ denote the number of increasing subsequences of length $k$ in a random permutation from $S_n$, the symmetric group of permutations of $\{1,...,n\}$. In a recent paper [Random Structures Algorithms 29 (2006)…

Probability · Mathematics 2009-09-29 Ross G. Pinsky

A uniform law of large numbers and a central limit theorem are established via a martingale approach for a univariate Hawkes process with immigration given by a renewal process. The results are obtained for renewal processes with absolutely…

Probability · Mathematics 2025-07-01 Luis Iván Hernández Ruíz

The problem of convergence in law of normed sums of exchangeable random variables is examined. First, the problem is studied w.r.t. arrays of exchangeable random variables, and the special role played by mixtures of products of stable laws…

Probability · Mathematics 2012-04-20 Sandra Fortini , Lucia Ladelli , Eugenio Regazzini

Zipf's law, which states that the probability of an observation is inversely proportional to its rank, has been observed in many domains. While there are models that explain Zipf's law in each of them, those explanations are typically…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2016-07-06 Laurence Aitchison , Nicola Corradi , Peter E. Latham

Emergence of deterministic and irreversible macroscopic behavior from deterministic and reversible microscopic dynamics is understood as a result of the law of large numbers. In this paper, we prove on the basis of the theory of algorithmic…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2019-11-19 Ken Hiura , Shin-ichi Sasa

Multi-class systems having possibly both finite and infinite classes are investigated under a natural partial exchangeability assumption. It is proved that the conditional law of such a system, given the vector of the empirical measures of…

Probability · Mathematics 2009-02-04 Carl Graham

The paper proves the Strong Law of Large Numbers for integral functionals of random fields with unboundedly increasing covariances. The case of functional data and increasing domain asymptotics is studied. Conditions to guarantee that the…

Probability · Mathematics 2020-11-11 Illia Donhauzer , Andriy Olenko , Andrei Volodin

Researchers increasingly use meta-analysis to synthesize the results of several studies in order to estimate a common effect. When the outcome variable is continuous, standard meta-analytic approaches assume that the primary studies report…

We propose some new results on the comparison of the minimum or maximum order statistic from a random number of non-identical random variables. Under the non-identical set-up, with certain conditions, we prove that random minimum (maximum)…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2024-03-08 Amarjit Kundu , Shovan Chowdhury , Bidhan Modok

Many results on the convex order in the literature were stated for random variables with finite mean. For instance, a fundamental result in dependence modeling is that the sum of a pair of random random variables is upper bounded in convex…

Probability · Mathematics 2026-02-27 Benjamin Côté , Ruodu Wang

We consider diffraction at random point scatterers on general discrete point sets in $\R^\nu$, restricted to a finite volume. We allow for random amplitudes and random dislocations of the scatterers. We investigate the speed of convergence…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 C. Kuelske

We introduce methods to bound the mean of a discrete distribution (or finite population) based on sample data, for random variables with a known set of possible values. In particular, the methods can be applied to categorical data with…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2021-11-16 Eric Bax , Frédéric Ouimet

We study a universal object for the genealogy of a sample in populations with mutations: the critical birth-death process with Poissonian mutations, conditioned on its population size at a fixed time horizon. We show how this process arises…

Probability · Mathematics 2014-07-30 G. Achaz , C. Delaporte , A. Lambert

For a sequence $\{X_{n}, \, n \geqslant 1 \}$ of nonnegative random variables where $\max[\min(X_{n} - s,t),0]$, $t > s \geqslant 0$, satisfy a moment inequality, sufficient conditions are given under which $\sum_{k=1}^n (X_k - \mathbb{E}…

Probability · Mathematics 2020-11-23 João Lita da Silva