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Related papers: Heavy-Tailed Distribution of Cyber-Risks

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We present an overview of possible reasons for the appearance of heavy-tailed distributions in applications to the natural sciences. These distributions include the laws of Pareto, Lotka, and some new ones. The reasons are illustrated using…

Physics and Society · Physics 2023-01-24 Lev B. Klebanov , Yulia V. Kuvaeva

Recently, contagion-based (disease, information, etc.) spreading on social networks has been extensively studied. In this paper, other than traditional full interaction, we propose a partial interaction based spreading model, considering…

Physics and Society · Physics 2015-06-17 Zi-Ke Zhang , Chu-Xu Zhang , Xiao-Pu Han , Chuang Liu

Human social behavior is organized in stratified, hierarchical networks, with a support group with about 5 members, expanding proportionally at each layer up to a maximum of approximately 150 frequent interactions per individual. This is…

Physics and Society · Physics 2025-10-20 Airton Deppman

Heavy-tailed or power-law distributions are becoming increasingly common in biological literature. A wide range of biological data has been fitted to distributions with heavy tails. Many of these studies use simple fitting methods to find…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2007-12-06 A. James , M. J. Plank

Benford's law states that in data sets from different phenomena leading digits tend to be distributed logarithmically such that the numbers beginning with smaller digits occur more often than those with larger ones. Particularly, the law is…

Physics and Society · Physics 2016-01-12 Tariq Ahmad Mir

Heavy-tailed networks are often characterized in the literature by their degree distribution's similarity to a power law. However, many heavy-tailed networks in real life do not have power-law degree distributions, and in many applications…

Physics and Society · Physics 2021-07-07 Scott A. Hill

The classification of crime into discrete categories entails a massive loss of information. Crimes emerge out of a complex mix of behaviors and situations, yet most of these details cannot be captured by singular crime type labels. This…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-08-08 Da Kuang , P. Jeffrey Brantingham , Andrea L. Bertozzi

The degree distribution is one of the most fundamental graph properties of interest for real-world graphs. It has been widely observed in numerous domains that graphs typically have a tailed or scale-free degree distribution. While the…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2015-11-30 Olivia Simpson , C. Seshadhri , Andrew McGregor

Inhomogeneous temporal processes, like those appearing in human communications, neuron spike trains, and seismic signals, consist of high-activity bursty intervals alternating with long low-activity periods. In recent studies such bursty…

Physics and Society · Physics 2011-12-01 Márton Karsai , Kimmo Kaski , Albert-László Barabási , János Kertész

Nearly 70% of information security threats originate from inside an organization. Opportunities for insider threats have been increasing at an alarming rate with the latest trends of mobility (portable devices like Laptop, smart phones…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2010-10-14 Sugata Sanyal , Ajit Shelat , Amit Gupta

Stealing attack against controlled information, along with the increasing number of information leakage incidents, has become an emerging cyber security threat in recent years. Due to the booming development and deployment of advanced…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-11-16 Yuantian Miao , Chao Chen , Lei Pan , Qing-Long Han , Jun Zhang , Yang Xiang

Increased connectivity has made us all more vulnerable. Cyberspace, besides all its benefits, spawned more devices to hack and more opportunities to commit cybercrime. Criminals have found it lucrative to target both individuals and…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-03-09 Mazaher Kianpour

The frequent occurrence of cyber risks and their serious economic consequences have created a growth market for cyber insurance. The calculation of aggregate losses, an essential step in insurance pricing, has attracted considerable…

Risk Management · Quantitative Finance 2024-08-27 Na Ren , Xin Zhang

Infectious diseases and computer malwares spread among humans and computers through the network of contacts among them. These networks are characterized by wide connectivity fluctuations, connectivity correlations and the small-world…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2009-11-13 Alexei Vazquez

Understanding and predicting uncertain things are the central themes of scientific evolution. Human beings revolve around these fears of uncertainties concerning various aspects like a global pandemic, health, finances, to name but a few.…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2021-08-31 Sayantan Nag Chowdhury , Arnob Ray , Arindam Mishra , Dibakar Ghosh

Standard statistical analysis is unable to provide reliable confidence intervals on expectation values of probability distributions that do not satisfy the conditions of the central limit theorem. We present a regression-based estimator of…

Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability · Physics 2019-06-24 Pablo Lopez Rios , Gareth J. Conduit

Crime prevention measures, aiming for the effective and efficient spending of public resources, rely on the empirical analysis of spatial and temporal data for public safety outcomes. We perform a variable-density cluster analysis on crime…

Applications · Statistics 2025-12-09 Ben Moews

Since the seminal work of Scarf (1958) [A min-max solution of an inventory problem, Studies in the Mathematical Theory of Inventory and Production, pages 201-209] on the newsvendor problem with ambiguity in the demand distribution, there…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2019-08-20 Bikramjit Das , Anulekha Dhara , Karthik Natarajan

It is difficult for individuals and organizations to protect personal information without a fundamental understanding of relative privacy risks. By analyzing over 5,000 empirical identity theft and fraud cases, this research identifies…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-04 Haoran Niu , K. Suzanne Barber

We study the susceptible-infected-recovered (SIR) epidemic on a random graph chosen uniformly over all graphs with certain critical, heavy-tailed degree distributions. For this model, each vertex infects all its susceptible neighbors and…

Probability · Mathematics 2021-05-14 David Clancy