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Related papers: Heavy-Tailed Distribution of Cyber-Risks

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The study of heavy-tailed distributions in economic and financial systems has been widely addressed since financial time series has become a research subject.After the eighties, several "highly improbable" market drops were observed (e.g.…

Computational Finance · Quantitative Finance 2012-02-02 João P. da Cruz , Pedro G. Lind

We introduce a new class of heavy-tailed distributions for which any weighted average of independent and identically distributed random variables is larger than one such random variable in (usual) stochastic order. We show that many…

Probability · Mathematics 2025-06-18 Yuyu Chen , Seva Shneer

In today's world, individuals interact with each other in more complicated patterns than ever. Some individuals engage through online social networks (e.g., Facebook, Twitter), while some communicate only through conventional ways (e.g.,…

Physics and Society · Physics 2015-09-15 Yong Zhuang , Osman Yağan

Recent empirical observations suggest a heterogeneous nature of human activities. The heavy-tailed inter-event time distribution at population level is well accepted, while whether the individual acts in a heterogeneous way is still under…

Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability · Physics 2015-05-28 Zimo Yang , Ai-Xiang Cui , Tao Zhou

Cyber threats have become increasingly prevalent and sophisticated. Prior work has extracted actionable cyber threat intelligence (CTI), such as indicators of compromise, tactics, techniques, and procedures (TTPs), or threat feeds from…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-04-29 Saskia Laura Schröer , Noé Canevascini , Irdin Pekaric , Philine Widmer , Pavel Laskov

The modern enterprise is facing an unprecedented surge in digital identities, with machine identities now significantly outnumbering human identities. This paper examines the cybersecurity risks emerging from what we define as the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-03-25 Kush Janani

Research on human online activities usually assumes that total activity $T$ increases linearly with active population $P$, that is, $T\propto P^{\gamma}(\gamma=1)$. However, we find examples of systems where total activity grows faster than…

Physics and Society · Physics 2011-08-23 Lingfei Wu , Jiang Zhang

A recent line of empirical studies has demonstrated that SGD might exhibit a heavy-tailed behavior in practical settings, and the heaviness of the tails might correlate with the overall performance. In this paper, we investigate the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-31 Krunoslav Lehman Pavasovic , Alain Durmus , Umut Simsekli

Process mining employs event data extracted from different types of information systems to discover and analyze actual processes. Event data often contain highly sensitive information about the people who carry out activities or the people…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-09-30 Majid Rafiei , Gamal Elkoumy , Wil M. P. van der Aalst

In a diversified context with multiple social networking sites, heterogeneous activity patterns and different user-user relations, the concept of "information cascade" is all but univocal. Despite the fact that such information cascades can…

Physics and Society · Physics 2013-03-20 Raquel A Baños , Javier Borge-Holthoefer , Yamir Moreno

Digital privacy has become an essential component of information and communications technology (ICT) systems. There are many existing methods for digital privacy protection, including network security, cryptography, and access control.…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2022-01-21 Hamoud Alhazmi , Ahmed Imran , Mohammad Abu Alsheikh

Data privacy and class imbalance are the norm rather than the exception in many machine learning tasks. Recent attempts have been launched to, on one side, address the problem of learning from pervasive private data, and on the other side,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-07-01 Zihan Chen , Songshang Liu , Hualiang Wang , Howard H. Yang , Tony Q. S. Quek , Zuozhu Liu

Temporal social networks are characterized by {heterogeneous} duration of contacts, which can either follow a power-law distribution, such as in face-to-face interactions, or a Weibull distribution, such as in mobile-phone communication.…

Physics and Society · Physics 2013-07-23 Kun Zhao , Márton Karsai , Ginestra Bianconi

Cyber risks are the most common risks encountered by a modern network system. However, it is significantly difficult to assess the joint cyber risk owing to the network topology, risk propagation, and heterogeneities of components. In this…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2020-06-30 Gaofeng Da , Maochao Xu , Jingshi Zhang , Peng Zhao

Recently, the impacts of spatiotemporal heterogeneities of human activities on spreading dynamics have attracted extensive attention. In this paper, to study heterogeneous response times on information spreading, we focus on the…

Physics and Society · Physics 2015-06-18 Ai-Xiang Cui , Wei Wang , Ming Tang , Yan Fu , Xiaoming Liang , Younghae Do

We study the stochastic multi-armed bandit problem and design new policies that enjoy both worst-case optimality for expected regret and light-tailed risk for regret distribution. Specifically, our policy design (i) enjoys the worst-case…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-07-23 David Simchi-Levi , Zeyu Zheng , Feng Zhu

Much effort has been devoted to understand how temporal network features and the choice of the source node affect the prevalence of a diffusion process. In this work, we addressed the further question: node pairs with what kind of local and…

Physics and Society · Physics 2018-04-26 Xiu-Xiu Zhan , Alan Hanjalic , Huijuan Wang

We begin with the extraordinary observation that the length distribution of 80 million proteins in UniProt, the Universal Protein Resource, measured in amino acids, is qualitatively identical to the length distribution of large collections…

Other Quantitative Biology · Quantitative Biology 2017-09-13 Les Hatton , Gregory Warr

In today's data-driven world, the proliferation of publicly available information raises security concerns due to the information leakage (IL) problem. IL involves unintentionally exposing sensitive information to unauthorized parties via…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-06-02 Pritha Gupta , Marcel Wever , Eyke Hüllermeier

Uncertainties in renewable energy resources (RES) and load variations can lead to elevated system operational costs. Moreover, the emergence of large-scale distributed threats, such as load-altering attacks (LAAs), can induce substantial…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-12-02 Shijie Pan , Zaint A. Alexakis , S Subhash Lakshminarayana , Charalambos Konstantinou