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Universal cycles, such as De Bruijn cycles, are cyclic sequences of symbols that represent every combinatorial object from some family exactly once as a consecutive subsequence. Graph universal cycles are a graph analogue of universal…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-08-14 Rachel Kirsch , Clare Sibley , Elizabeth Sprangel

Dean conjectured that for each integer $k \ge 3$, every graph with minimum degree at least $k$ has a cycle whose length is divisible by $k$; this conjecture is known to be true for all $k\neq 5$. For $k\in\{3,4\}$, stronger statements are…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-05-05 Ilkyoo Choi , Hojin Chu , Ringi Kim , Boram Park

The problem is considered of arranging symbols around a cycle, in such a way that distances between different instances of a same symbol be as uniformly distributed as possible. A sequence of moments is defined for cycles, similarly to the…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2018-04-05 Luca Ghezzi , Roberto Baldacci

A link diagram is said to be lune-free if, when viewed as a 4-regular plane graph it does not have multiple edges between any pair of nodes. We prove that any colored link diagram is equivalent to a colored lune-free diagram with the same…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2014-06-11 Slavik Jablan , Louis Kauffman , Pedro Lopes

In this paper we study Eulerian extensions with edge constraints and use the probabilistic method to establish sufficient conditions for a given connected graph to be a subgraph of a Eulerian graph containing $m$ edges, for a given number…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-01-16 Ghurumuruhan Ganesan

Understanding how the cycles of a graph or digraph behave in general has always been an important point of graph theory. In this paper, we study the question of finding a set of $k$ vertex-disjoint cycles (resp. directed cycles) of distinct…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2016-01-11 Julien Bensmail , Ararat Harutyunyan , Ngoc Khang Le , Binlong Li , Nicolas Lichiardopol

A digraph is eulerian if it is connected and every vertex has its in-degree equal to its out-degree. Having a spanning eulerian subdigraph is thus a weakening of having a hamiltonian cycle. In this paper, we first characterize the pairs…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2019-05-28 Jørgen Bang-Jensen , Frédéric Havet , Anders Yeeo

In the Matrix approach to graph transformation we represent simple digraphs and rules with Boolean matrices and vectors, and the rewriting is expressed using Boolean operations only. In previous works, we developed analysis techniques…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2009-12-14 Pedro Pablo Perez Velasco

We consider the Distinct Shortest Walks problem. Given two vertices $s$ and $t$ of a graph database $\mathcal{D}$ and a regular path query, enumerate all walks of minimal length from $s$ to $t$ that carry a label that conforms to the query.…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2024-03-08 Claire David , Nadime Francis , Victor Marsault

A De Bruijn cycle is a cyclic sequence in which every word of length $n$ over an alphabet $\mathcal{A}$ appears exactly once. De Bruijn tori are a two-dimensional analogue. Motivated by recent progress on universal partial cycles and words,…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-04-02 William D. Carey , Matthew David Kearney , Rachel Kirsch , Stefan Popescu

Orientable sequences of order n are infinite periodic sequences with symbols drawn from a finite alphabet of size k with the property that any particular subsequence of length n occurs at most once in a period in either direction. They were…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-03-20 Chris J Mitchell , Peter R Wild

A universal cycle for a set S of combinatorial objects is a cyclic sequence of length |S| that contains a representative of each element in S exactly once as a substring. Despite the many universal cycle constructions known in the…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2026-03-13 Daniel Gabric , Wazed Imam , Lukas Janik Jones , Joe Sawada

Universal Cycles, or U-cycles, as originally defined by de Bruijn, are an efficient method to exhibit a large class of combinatorial objects in a compressed fashion, and with no repeats. de Bruijn's theorem states that U-cycles for $n$…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2013-03-15 Michelle Champlin , Anant Godbole , Beverly Tomlinson

In the study of full bubble model graphs of bounded clique-width and bounded linear clique-width, we determined complete sets of forbidden induced subgraphs, that are minimal in the class of full bubble model graphs. In this note, we show…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2014-01-29 Daniel Meister , Udi Rotics

We suggest a new point of view on de Bruijn graphs and their subgraphs based on using circular words rather than linear ones.

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2018-12-05 Vadim A. Kaimanovich

Dirac proved that each $n$-vertex $2$-connected graph with minimum degree at least $k$ contains a cycle of length at least $\min\{2k, n\}$. We consider a hypergraph version of this result. A Berge cycle in a hypergraph is an alternating…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-03-01 Alexandr Kostochka , Ruth Luo , Grace McCourt

The first step in any genome assembly algorithm entails the conversion from the domain of strings and overlaps to the language of graphs and paths, typically using one of the two conventional methods: de Bruijn graphs or overlap graphs.…

Genomics · Quantitative Biology 2026-04-27 Anton Bankevich

The reduction of the fragment assembly problem to (variations of) the classical Eulerian trail problem [Pevzner et al., PNAS 2001] has led to remarkable progress in genome assembly. This reduction employs the notion of de Bruijn graph…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2025-10-17 Ben Bals , Sebastiaan van Krieken , Solon P. Pissis , Leen Stougie , Hilde Verbeek

An Eulerian circuit in a directed graph is one of the most fundamental Graph Theory notions. Detecting if a graph $G$ has a unique Eulerian circuit can be done in polynomial time via the BEST theorem by de Bruijn, van Aardenne-Ehrenfest,…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2023-05-26 Nidia Obscura Acosta , Alexandru I. Tomescu

We present an algebraic construction of trace-based De Bruijn tori over finite fields, focusing on the nonzero variant that omits the all-zero pattern. The construction arranges nonzero field elements on a toroidal grid using two…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-06-25 Ming Hsuan Kang , Yu Hsuan Hsieh