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This paper presents a fully-integrated CMOS voltage reference designed in a 90 nm process node using low voltage threshold (LVT) transistor models. The voltage reference leverages subthreshold operation and near-weak inversion…

The robustness of current and voltage references to process, voltage and temperature (PVT) variations is paramount to the operation of integrated circuits in real-world conditions. However, while recent voltage references can meet most of…

In many applications, the ability of current references to cope with process, voltage, and temperature (PVT) variations is critical to maintaining system-level performance. However, temperature-independent current references operating in…

This paper demonstrates the use of voltage noise thermometry, with a cross-correlation technique, as a dissipation-free method of thermometry inside a CMOS integrated circuit (IC). We show that this technique exhibits broad agreement with…

This paper presents a fully-integrated CMOS temperature sensor for densely-distributed thermal monitoring in systems on chip supporting dynamic voltage and frequency scaling. The sensor front-end exploits a sub-threshold PMOS-based circuit…

Sensor nodes and IoT systems require blocks that not only consume low power but also have good accuracy. Voltage reference generators are also considered important building blocks in sensor interface circuits. This paper presents a solution…

In recent years, the development of the Internet of Things (IoT) has prompted the search for nA-range current references that are simultaneously constrained to a small area and robust to process, voltage and temperature variations. Yet,…

Internet-of-Things (IoT) applications require nW-power current references that are robust to process, voltage and temperature (PVT) variations, to maintain the performance of IoT sensor nodes in a wide range of operating conditions.…

In this paper we present a simple and efficient built-in temperature sensor for thermal monitoring of standard-cell based VLSI circuits. The proposed smart temperature sensor uses a ring-oscillator composed of complex gates instead of…

Cryogenic CMOS technology (cryo-CMOS) offers a scalable solution for quantum device interface fabrication. Several previous works have studied the characterization of CMOS technology at cryogenic temperatures for various process nodes.…

The control interface of a large-scale quantum computer will likely require electronic sub-systems that operate in close proximity to the qubits, at deep cryogenic temperatures. Here, we report the low-temperature performance of custom…

We report the design-technology co-optimization (DTCO) scheme to develop a 28-nm cryogenic CMOS (Cryo-CMOS) technology for high-performance computing (HPC). The precise adjustment of halo implants manages to compensate the threshold voltage…

On-chip thermometry at deep-cryogenic temperatures is vital in quantum computing applications to accurately quantify the effect of increased temperature on qubit performance. In this work, we present a sub-1 K temperature sensor in CMOS…

Cryogenic characterization and modeling of 0.18um CMOS technology (1.8V and 5V) are presented in this paper. Several PMOS and NMOS transistors with different width to length ratios(W/L) were extensively characterized under various bias…

Accurate on-chip temperature sensing is critical for the optimal performance of modern CMOS integrated circuits (ICs), to understand and monitor localized heating around the chip during operation. The development of quantum computers has…

The ion-sensitive field-effect transistor (ISFET) is an emerging technology that has received much attention in numerous research areas, including biochemistry, medicine, and security applications. However, compared to other types of…

This paper presents low power dissipation, low phase noise ring oscillators (ROs) based on Semiconductor Manufacturing International Corporation (SMIC) 0.18{\mu}m CMOS technology at liquid helium temperature (LHT). First, the…

Analog computing is attractive compared to digital computing due to its potential for achieving higher computational density and higher energy efficiency. However, unlike digital circuits, conventional analog computing circuits cannot be…

This brief presents a technique for compensating the temperature coefficient (TC) of a bandgap reference (BGR) using temperature characteristics of transistor's current gain \b{eta}. As a comparison, three BGR circuits built with Si BJTs…

Surface temperature measurements were performed with a Scanning Thermal Microscope mounted with a thermoresistive wire probe of micrometrSurface temperature measurements were performed with a Scanning Thermal Microscope mounted with a…