Related papers: Super-elastic collisions in a thermally activated …
Impact phenomena of nanoclusters subject to thermal fluctuations are numerically investigated. From the molecular dynamics simulation for colliding two identical clusters, it is found that the restitution coefficient for head-on collisions…
Impact processes of nanoclusters subject to thermal fluctuations are investigated, theoretically. In the former half of the paper, we discuss the basis of quasi-static theory. In the latter part, we carry out the molecular dynamics…
We numerically investigate head on collisions of isothermal visco-elastic spheres. We find that the restitution coefficient oscillates against the impact speed if the solid viscosity inside the sphere is small enough. We confirm that the…
A gas of particles which collide inelastically if their impact velocity exceeds a certain value is investigated. In difference to common granular gases, cluster formation occurs only as a transient phenomenon. We calculate the decay of…
We propose to characterize heavy-ion collisions at ultra-relativistic energies by using fluctuations of energy density and temperature. Temperature fluctuations on an event-by-event basis have been studied both in terms of global…
The interpretation of the new effect of the superfluidity in reactions with small number of particles is discussed in a simple model where the exact solution is accessible. It is find that the fluctuations of observable with the gauge angle…
We numerically investigate the mechanism of super rebounds for head-on collisions between nanoclusters in which the restitution coefficient is larger than unity. It is confirmed that the temperature and the entropy of the nanocluters…
Recently (arXiv:0910.2870), we have derived a fluctuation theorem for systems in thermodynamic equilibrium compatible with anomalous response functions, e.g. the existence of states with \textit{negative heat capacities} $C<0$. In this…
This contribution presents a review of our present theoretical as well as experimental knowledge of different fluctuation observables relevant to nuclear multifragmentation. The possible connection between the presence of a fluctuation peak…
Fluctuation theorems are fundamental extensions of the second law of thermodynamics for small nonequilibrium systems. While work and heat are equally important forms of energy exchange, fluctuation relations have not been experimentally…
A collision between a proton and a heavy nucleus at ultrarelativistic energy creates particles whose rapidity distribution is asymmetric, with more particles emitted in the direction of the nucleus than in the direction of the proton. This…
We study the statistics of heat exchange of a quantum system that collides sequentially with an arbitrary number of ancillas. This can describe, for instance, an accelerated particle going through a bubble chamber. Unlike other approaches…
We derive a formula that defines quantum fluctuations of energy in subsystems of a hot relativistic gas. For small subsystem sizes we find substantial increase of fluctuations compared to those known from standard thermodynamic…
Using the fluctuation theorem supplemented with geometric arguments, we derive universal features of the (long-time) efficiency fluctuations for thermal and isothermal machines operating under steady or periodic driving, close or far from…
A thermal model of kinetic friction is assigned to a classical loaded particle moving on a fluctuating smooth surface. A sinusoidal wave resembles surface fluctuations with a relaxation time. The Hamiltonian is approximated to the mean…
A generalized fluctuation-response relation is found for thermal systems driven out of equilibrium. Its derivation is independent of many details of the dynamics, which is only required to be first-order. The result gives a correction to…
Jamming is a geometric phase transition occurring in dense particle systems in the absence of temperature. We use computer simulations to analyse the effect of thermal fluctuations on several signatures of the transition. We show that…
Diverse physical systems are characterized by their response to small perturbations. Near thermodynamic equilibrium, the fluctuation-dissipation theorem provides a powerful theoretical and experimental tool to determine the nature of…
The expected return time of a fluctuating two-dimensional cluster or vacancy to a given configuration is studied in thermodynamic equilibrium. We define a family of bond-breaking models that preserve the number of particles. This family…
The fluctuation-dissipation theorem requires the presence of thermal noise in viscous fluids. The time and length scales of heavy ion collisions are small enough so that the thermal noise can have a measurable effect on observables. Thermal…