Related papers: Experimental local realism tests without fair samp…

To make precise the sense in which nature fails to respect classical physics, one requires a formal notion of classicality. Ideally, such a notion should be defined operationally, so that it can be subjected to a direct experimental test,…

By applying Hardy's argument, we demonstrate the violation of local realism in a gedanken experiment using independent and separated particle sources.

Without imposing the locality condition,it is shown that quantum mechanics cannot reproduce all the predictions of a special stochastic realistic model used in certain spin-correlation experiments.This shows that the so-called locality…

Discarding undesirable measurement results in Bell experiments opens the detection loophole that prevents a conclusive demonstration of nonlocality. As closing the detection loophole represents a major technical challenge for many practical…

Large-scale randomized experiments, sometimes called A/B tests, are increasingly prevalent in many industries. Though such experiments are often analyzed via frequentist $t$-tests, arguably such analyses are deficient: $p$-values are hard…

Most working scientists hold fast to the concept of 'realism' - a viewpoint according to which an external reality exists independent of observation. But quantum physics has shattered some of our cornerstone beliefs. According to Bell's…

Most existing fair classifiers rely on sensitive attributes to achieve fairness. However, for many scenarios, we cannot obtain sensitive attributes due to privacy and legal issues. The lack of sensitive attributes challenges many existing…

This paper shows that testability of reverse causality is possible even in the absence of exogenous variation, such as in the form of instrumental variables. Instead of relying on exogenous variation, we achieve testability by imposing…

Recently much interest has been directed towards designing setups that achieve realistic loss thresholds for decisive tests of local realism, in particular in the optical regime. We analyse the feasibility of such Bell tests based on a…

Local realism is the worldview in which physical properties of objects exist independently of measurement and where physical influences cannot travel faster than the speed of light. Bell's theorem states that this worldview is incompatible…

Given two parties performing experiments in separate laboratories, we provide a diagrammatic formulation of what it means for the joint statistics of their experiments to satisfy local realism. In particular, we show that the principles of…

We propose a classical, i.e., local-real physical model of processes underlying EPR experiments. The model leads to the prediction, that the visibility of the output signal will exhibit increasing variation as the coincidence window is…

With Bell's inequalities one has a formal expression to show how essentially all local theories of natural phenomena that are formulated within the framework of realism may be tested using a simple experimental arrangement. For the case of…

Scientific inquiry seeks causal explanations of observed phenomena. The Bell experiment provides a paradigmatic case, revealing correlations between spatially separated systems that no local model can reproduce. Such correlations, known as…

In a recent paper [R. Alicki and N. Van Ryn, J. Phys. A: Math. Theor., 41, 062001 (2008)] a test of nonclassicality for a single qubit was proposed. Here, we discuss the class of local realistic theories to which this test applies and…

We show how one may test macroscopic local realism where, different from conventional Bell tests, all relevant measurements need only distinguish between two macroscopically distinct states of the system being measured. Here, measurements…

We propose a new family of fairness definitions for classification problems that combine some of the best properties of both statistical and individual notions of fairness. We posit not only a distribution over individuals, but also a…

One of the most notable aspects of quantum systems is that their components can exhibit correlations much stronger than those allowed by classical physics. Two examples of quantum correlations are quantum entanglement and Bell nonlocality,…

In the experimental verification of Bell's inequalities in real photonic experiments, it is generally believed that the so-called fair sampling assumption (which means that a small fraction of results provide a fair statistical sample) has…

We consider the closeness testing problem for discrete distributions. The goal is to distinguish whether two samples are drawn from the same unspecified distribution, or whether their respective distributions are separated in $L_1$-norm. In…