Related papers: Experimental local realism tests without fair samp…

Quantum mechanics is strictly incompatible with local realism. It has been shown by Bell and others that it is possible, in principle, to experimentally differentiate between local realism and quantum mechanics. Numerous experiments have…

This thesis scrutinizes common assumptions underlying traditional machine learning approaches to fairness in consequential decision making. After challenging the validity of these assumptions in real-world applications, we propose ways to…

A Bell test is a randomized trial that compares experimental observations against the philosophical worldview of local realism. A Bell test requires spatially distributed entanglement, fast and high-efficiency detection and unpredictable…

We propose here an experimental test of the fair sampling assumption in two-channel EPR-Bell experiments for which the detection loophole holds.

Many experiments have shown that locality-realism theory is at variance with quantum mechanics predictions. Although locality and realism, which are two different conceptions, are given respective definition, the descriptions of the both…

We examine the prevalent use of the phrase ``local realism'' in the context of Bell's Theorem and associated experiments, with a focus on the question: what exactly is the `realism' in `local realism' supposed to mean? Carefully surveying…

We exhibit a local-hidden-variable model in agreement with the results of the two-photon coincidence experiment made by Torgerson et al. [Phys. Lett. A 204 (1995) 323]. The existence of any such model shows that the experiment does not…

Randomization tests allow simple and unambiguous tests of null hypotheses, by comparing observed data to a null ensemble in which experimentally-controlled variables are randomly resampled. In behavioral and neuroscience experiments,…

This paper considers hypothesis testing in semiparametric models which may be non-regular. I show that C($\alpha$) style tests are locally regular under mild conditions, including in cases where locally regular estimators do not exist, such…

We derive two classes of multi-mode Bell inequalities under local realistic assumptions, which are violated only by the entangled states negative under partial transposition in accordance with the Peres conjecture. Remarkably, the failure…

Tests of Bell's theorem rule out local hidden variables theories. But any theorem is only as good as the assumptions that go into it, and one of these assumptions is that the experimenter can freely chose the detector settings. Without this…

In this paper we describe a test of Bell inequalities using a non- maximally entangled state, which represents an important step in the direction of eliminating the detection loophole. The experiment is based on the creation of a…

A Bell test can rule out local realistic models, and has potential applications in communications and information tasks. For example, a Bell inequality violation can certify the presence of intrinsic randomness in measurement outcomes,…

We study the problem of performing classification in a manner that is fair for sensitive groups, such as race and gender. This problem is tackled through the lens of disentangled and locally fair representations. We learn a locally fair…

This paper introduces a local optimization-based approach to test statistical hypotheses and to construct confidence intervals. This approach can be viewed as an extension of bootstrap, and yields asymptotically valid tests and confidence…

An experiment has recently been performed to demonstrate quantum nonlocality by establishing contextuality in one of a pair of photons encoding four qubits; however, low detection efficiencies and use of the fair-sampling hypothesis leave…

We propose a two-sample test for high-dimensional means that requires neither distributional nor correlational assumptions, besides some weak conditions on the moments and tail properties of the elements in the random vectors. This…

This paper proposes a local representation for Empirical Likelihood (EL). EL admits the classical local linear quadratic representation by its likelihood ratio property. A local estimator is derived by using the new representation.…

We present a linear program that is capable of determining whether a set of correlations can be captured by a local realistic model. If the correlations can be described by such a model, the linear program outputs a joint probability…

We introduce a family of local inhomogeneous mark-weighted summary statistics, of order two and higher, for general marked point processes. Depending on how the involved weight function is specified, these summary statistics capture…