English

Weakly toll convexity and proper interval graphs

Combinatorics 2024-08-07 v8 Discrete Mathematics

Abstract

A walk u0u1uk1uku_0u_1 \ldots u_{k-1}u_k is a \textit{weakly toll walk} if u0uiE(G)u_0u_i \in E(G) implies ui=u1u_i = u_1 and ujukE(G)u_ju_k\in E(G) implies uj=uk1u_j=u_{k-1}. A set SS of vertices of GG is {\it weakly toll convex} if for any two non-adjacent vertices x,ySx,y \in S any vertex in a weakly toll walk between xx and yy is also in SS. The {\em weakly toll convexity} is the graph convexity space defined over weakly toll convex sets. Many studies are devoted to determine if a graph equipped with a convexity space is a {\em convex geometry}. An \emph{extreme vertex} is an element xx of a convex set SS such that the set S\{x}S\backslash\{x\} is also convex. A graph convexity space is said to be a convex geometry if it satisfies the Minkowski-Krein-Milman property, which states that every convex set is the convex hull of its extreme vertices. It is known that chordal, Ptolemaic, weakly polarizable, and interval graphs can be characterized as convex geometries with respect to the monophonic, geodesic, m3m^3, and toll convexities, respectively. Other important classes of graphs can also be characterized in this way. In this paper, we prove that a graph is a convex geometry with respect to the weakly toll convexity if and only if it is a proper interval graph. Furthermore, some well-known graph invariants are studied with respect to the weakly toll convexity.

Keywords

Cite

@article{arxiv.2203.17056,
  title  = {Weakly toll convexity and proper interval graphs},
  author = {Mitre C. Dourado and Marisa Gutierrez and Fábio Protti and Silvia Tondato},
  journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2203.17056},
  year   = {2024}
}
R2 v1 2026-06-24T10:33:23.594Z